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2£® ¹æ·¶µØÖ·Ó³Éä
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canonical_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/canonical
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sender_canonical_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sender_canonical
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3£® µØÖ·ÆÛÆ­
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virtual_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual

5£® RelocatedÊý¾Ý¿â²éѯ
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relocated_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/relocated

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alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases

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1£® ÒòΪûÓÐ×Ô¼ºµÄ¹Ì¶¨ipºÍÓòÃû£¬ËùÒÔ±ØÐëÖ¸¶¨ISPµÄSMTP·þÎñÆ÷×÷
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relayhost = [201.110.1.100]
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defer_transports = smtp
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/usr/sbin/sendmail

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disable_dns_lookups = yes

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masquerade_domains = isp.com

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relayhost = [201.110.1.100]
# ÔÚ²¦ºÅ³É¹¦ºó²ÅͶµÝÓʼþ
defer_transports = smtp
#È¡ÏûDNS²éѯ
disable_dns_lookups = yes
#Ò»°ã³£¹æÅäÖÃ
queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix
program_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix
command_directory = /usr/sbin
daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix
mail_owner = postfix
default_privs = nobody
mail_spool_directory = /var/spool/mail
mailbox_command = /usr/bin/procmail
local_destination_concurrency_limit = 2
default_destination_concurrency_limit = 10
debug_peer_level = 2
debugger_command=PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin,xxgdb$
daemon_directory/$ process_name $process_id & sleep 5
# ¼ÙÉè±¾µØÍøÂçΪ192.168.1.1/24
mynetworks = 192.168.1.1/24
# host specific information
myhostname = yourhost.isp.com
mydomain = local.isp.com
myorigin = $mydomain
where do we receive mail and who do we accept/receive mail for?
inet_interfaces = all
mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, $mydomain
default_transport = smtp
masquerade_domains = isp.com

ÐèҪעÒâµÄÊÇ£ºÕâÀïµÄ$mydomain¡¢$myorigin¡¢$mydestination²»ÄÜΪisp.com, ÒòΪÄãÈç¹ûÉ趨Ϊisp.com£¬ÄÚ²¿SMTP·þÎñÆ÷¾Í»áÈÏΪÄãµÄÓʼþÊÇת·¢¸øËüµÄ£¬¹Ê¶øÔÚ±¾µØ³¢ÊÔͶµÝÓʼþ£¬½á¹ûÖ»»á·µ»Ø¡°unknown user¡±µÄ´íÎó¡£Æä´Î£¬¸ÃÅäÖÃֻʵÏÖÁ˽«Óʼþͨ¹ýSMTP·¢Ë͵½ISPµÄSMTP·þÎñÆ÷µÄÊֶΣ¬È±·¦´ÓISPµÄÓʼþ·þÎñÆ÷È¡Ðŵķ½·¨£¬ÕâÒ»µã¾ÍÖ»ÄÜͨ¹ýÈçoutlook»òfoxmailµÈµÄmail¿Í»§¶ËÈí¼þÀ´ÊµÏÖÁË¡£

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@ IN SOA dns.some.com. root.dns.some.com (
2000011307 ; serial
28800 ; refresh, seconds
14400 ; retry, seconds
3600000 ; expire, seconds
86400 ; minimum, seconds
)

@ IN NS dns.some.com.
@ IN A 202.200.180.1
@ IN MX 10 mail.some.com.

localhost IN A 127.0.0.1
dns IN A 202.200.180.1
mail IN A 202.200.180.2
host1 IN A 202.200.180.3
host2 IN A 202.200.180.4

2£® ÅäÖÃpostfix£¬ÆäÅäÖÃÎļþ¼°Ïà¹ØµÄ½âÊÍÈçÏ£º

#ÉèÖÃÒ»°ãµÄ·¾¶ÐÅÏ¢
queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix
command_directory = /usr/sbin
daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix
mail_spool_directory = /var/spool/mail

#ÉèÖÃÓʼþ¼°Óʼþ¶ÓÁеÄËùÓÐÕßΪpostfix
mail_owner = postfix

#ÉèÖÃÓʼþ·þÎñÆ÷µÄÖ÷»úÃû
myhostname = mail.some.com

#ÉèÖÃmydomain¡¢myoriginºÍmydomain²ÎÊý
mydomain = some.com
myorigin =$mydomain
mydestination = $mydomain

#ÉèÖÃpostfix·þÎñ¼àÌýµÄ¶Ë¿Ú
inet_interfaces = all

#ÉèÖñ¾µØÊÕ¼þÈ˵ÄÓû§Ãû²éѯÊֶΣ¬È±Ê¡ÊDzéѯ/etc/passwdÎļþ
#ºÍ±ðÃûÊý¾Ý¿â
local_recipient_maps = $alias_maps unix:passwd.byname
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases

#ÉèÖÃ×îÖյı¾µØͶµÝ´úÀí³ÌÐò£¬ÔÚÕâÀïÎÒÃÇʹÓÃÁ÷ÐеÄprocmail
mailbox_command = /usr/bin/procmail

#ÉèÖøÃֵΪ$mydomainÒÔ±ã¿Í»§¶ËµÄÁ¬½Ó
relay_domains = $mydomain
mynetworks = 202.200.180.0/24

#ÉèÖÃÏòÓû§ÏÔʾµÄÖ÷»úÃûºÍ°æ±¾ÐÅÏ¢
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name

#¶ÔÓÚ²¢·¢½ø³ÌµÄÏÞÖÆ£¬±£³Öϵͳȱʡֵ¾Í¿ÉÒÔÂú×ãÒªÇóÁË¡£
local_destination_concurrency_limit = 2
default_destination_concurrency_limit = 10

#Èç¹ûÄã²»ÖªµÀÄãÔÚ×öʲô£¬×îºÃ²»Òª¸Ä±äÏÂÃæµÄÉèÖÃ
debug_peer_level = 2
debugger_command =
PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin
xxgdb $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id & sleep 5

3£® ÔÚRedHatÖÐÎÒÃÇͨ³£Ê¹ÓÃimap×÷Ϊpop3·þÎñÆ÷£¬¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýrpm -q imap
ÃüÁî²é¿´ÏµÍ³ÓÐûÓа²×°imap¡£Èç¹ûûÓа²×°Ôò²åÈëlinux¹âÅÌ£¬ÓÃrpm -ivh imap-4.5-4.rpm ½øÐа²×°¡£

4£® ȱʡµØ£¬pop3·þÎñÆ÷ÊÇÓÉinet Æô¶¯µÄ£¬ËùÒÔ±ØÐëÈ¥µô/etc/inetd.confÎÄ
¼þÖÐÓйØpop3µÄÒ»ÐÐ×¢ÊÍ¡£ÈçÏÂËùʾ£º
pop-3 stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/ipop3d ipop3d

5£® ÖØÐÂÆô¶¯inet·þÎñÆ÷£¬Æô¶¯postfix:
#/etc/rc.d/init.d/inet restart
#postfix start

5.3ÔÚ·À»ðǽÄÚ²¿ÅäÖÃpostfix
¼ÙÉèÒ»¹«Ë¾Í¨¹ý×âÓÃרÏßÉÏÍø£¬¹«Ë¾ÄÚ²¿Ê¹ÓÃ192.168.0.0µÄ˽ÓÐip, È»ºóͨ¹ý·À»ðǽ£¨Ë«ËÞÖ÷Ö÷»ú£©µÄipÆÛÆ­ÉÏÍø£¬¹«Ë¾µÄÓʼþ·þÎñÆ÷£¨mail.some.com£©Ò²ÔÚÄÚ²¿ÍøÖУ¬Ò²Ê¹ÓÃ˽ÓÐip¡£ÎÒÃǼÙÉèÔÚ·À»ðǽÉϽøÐÐÁ˶˿Úת·¢£¬¿ÉÒÔ½«Internet¶Ô·À»ðǽ25¶Ë¿ÚµÄÇëÇó°üת·¢µ½ÄÚ²¿µÄÓʼþ·þÎñÆ÷ÉÏ£¬²¢ÇÒÔËÐÐDNS·þÎñµÄ·À»ðǽµÄMX¼Ç¼ָÏò·À»ðǽ±¾Éí¡£
ÔÚÕâ¸öÀý×ÓÖУ¬ÎÒÏë×ÅÖØ˵Ã÷µÄÊÇÓйØÓ³ÉäÎļþµÄÓ÷¨¡£main.cfÅäÖÃÎļþºÍÏà¹ØµÄ½âÊÍÈçÏÂËùʾ£º


#±íÃ÷×Ô¼ºµÄÉí·Ý
myhostname = mail.some.com
mydomain = some.com
mydestination = $mydomain, $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain
myorigin = $mydomain
#ÈÃpostfix¼àÌýËùÓнӿÚ
inet_interfaces = all

#ͨ¹ýmynetworks²ÎÊý½ÓÊÜÄÚ²¿ÍøÓû§µÄSMTPÁ¬½ÓÇëÇó
mynetworks = 192.168.0.0/8

#Ïòpostfix¹ÜÀíÔ±±¨¸æµÄÐÅÏ¢Á¿
notify_classes = resource, software, bounce, policy

#Èç¹û¿Í»§¶ËµÄipµØÖ··ûºÏ$maps_rbl_domains²ÎÊýÖÐÁгöµÄÔò¾Ü¾øÖ®
maps_rbl_domains = rbl.maps.vix.com, dul.maps.vix.com

#¶Ô¿ÉÒÔÁ¬½ÓµÄ¿Í»§¶Ë½øÐÐÑϸñµÄÏÞÖÆ
smtpd_client_restrictions =
#¿Í»§¶Ëip·ûºÏ$mynetworks¶¨ÒåµÄ·¶Î§Ôò½ÓÊÜÁ¬½Ó
permit_mynetworks,
#¸ù¾ÝaccessµÄ²éѯ½á¹ûÅжϿͻ§¶ËÁ¬½ÓµÄºÏ·¨ÐÔ
check_client_access hash:/etc/postfix/access,
#¾Ü¾øip·ûºÏ$maps_rbl_domains¶¨Ò巶ΧµÄÁ¬½Ó
reject_maps_rbl,
#Èç¹û¿Í»§¶ËÔÚDNSÖÐûÓмǼÔò¾Ü¾øÁ¬½Ó£¬ÒªÉ÷ÓÃ
reject_unknown_hostname

#ͨ¹ý·¢¼þÈ˵ĵØÖ·½øÐÐÏÞÖÆ
smtpd_sender_restrictions =
permit_mynetworks,
check_sender_access hash:/etc/postfix/access

#ÉèÖÃÐéÄâÖ÷»úÊý¾Ý¿â£¬±ðÍüÁËÖ´ÐÐ"postmap virtual"½øÐиñʽת»»
virtual_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual

#¶ÔÎÞϵͳÕʺŵÄÓʼþ½øÐÐת·¢ÉèÖã¬ÈçÀ뿪¹«Ë¾µÄÔ±¹¤
relocated_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/relocated

#ÉèÖñðÃûÊý¾Ý¿â
alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases

# ÎÒÃÇʹÓÃsmtpͶµÝ´úÀí
default_transport = smtp

# һЩ³£¹æÉèÖÃ
mail_owner = postfix
default_privs = nobody

#ÉèÖ÷¾¶ÐÅÏ¢
queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix
program_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix
command_directory = /usr/sbin
daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix
mail_spool_directory = /var/spool/mail
mailbox_command = /usr/bin/procmail

#²¢·¢Á¬½ÓÉèÖÃ
local_destination_concurrency_limit = 2
default_destination_concurrency_limit = 10

È»ºó£¬ÎÒÃÇÖ´ÐÐÒÔÏÂÃüÁ

#½øÈëpostfixÅäÖÃĿ¼
cd /etc/postfix
#ÓÃnewaliases³õʼ»¯±ðÃûÊý¾Ý¿â
newaliases
#ÓÃpostmap·Ö±ð½¨Á¢virtual¡¢accessºÍrelocated²éѯÊý¾Ý¿â
postmap virtual
postmap access
postmap relocated
#Æô¶¯postfix
/etc/rc.d/init.d/postfix start

ÏÖÔÚÎÒÃÇÀ´¿´¿´virtual¡¢accessºÍreloacted¼¸¸ö²éѯÎļþµÄ¸ñʽ£¬ÏÂÃæÊÇÕ⼸¸öÎļþµÄʾÀýºÍ×¢ÊÍ£º

#virtualÎļþʾÀý
#¼ÙÉèÔÚÕâ¸öÀý×ÓÖÐÎÒÃÇÓиöÐéÄâÓòΪother.com
other.com

#access ÎļþʾÀý
#Èç¹û·ûºÏÇ°ÃæµÄÌõ¼þÔò½øÐкóÃæ²Ù×÷£¬¿ÉÒÔÓÐÈýÖÖ²Ù×÷£º
#1. [45]XX $messag£º¾Ü¾ø½ÓÊܲ¢ÇÒÏò¿Í»§¶ËÏÔʾԤ¶¨ÒåµÄÐÅÏ¢
#2. REJECT£º¾Ü¾ø½ÓÊÜ£¬²»ÏÔʾÐÅÏ¢
#3. OKÔÊÐíÁ¬½Ó
ispy99@noman.com.cn 550 Go away
friend.com OK
202.192 REJECT

#relocated ÎļþʾÀý
#¸ÃÎļþÖ÷ÒªÊǽ«·¢¸øÎÞϵͳÕʺŵÄÓʼþ½øÐÐת·¢
who@some.com onetwo@newone.com
Áù¡¢ postfixÖеÄÃüÁîÐй¤¾ß¼°ÆäËü
ÏÂÃæÎÒÃÇÀ´¿´Ò»¿´postfixµÄÃüÁîÐй¤¾ß£¬Í¨¹ýÕâЩ¹¤¾ßµÄʹÓÿÉÄÜ»áʹÄã
¶ÔpostfixµÄ¹ÜÀí¸ü¼òµ¥¡£

6.1 sendmail¼æÈݵÄÃüÁîÐй¤¾ß

1£® mailq ¶ÔÓʼþ¶ÓÁÐÎļþ½øÐÐÁÐ±í¡£±íÖеÄÿһ¸öÌõÄ¿°üº¬ÓÐÒÔÏÂÐÅÏ¢£º
¶ÓÁÐÎļþID¡¢ÓʼþµÄ´óС¡¢µ½´ïµÄʱ¼ä¡¢·¢¼þÈË¡¢ÊÕ¼þÈ˺ÍͶµÝÑÓ³ÙµÄÔ­Òò£¨Èç¹ûͶµÝÓÐÑӳٵĻ°£©¡£¸ÃÃüÁîÖ÷ÒªÊÇÓëshowqºǫ́³ÌÐòͨÐÅÀ´»ñÈ¡¶ÓÁÐÎļþµÄÏà¹ØÐÅÏ¢¡£¸ÃÃüÁîÎÞ²ÎÊý¡£

2£® newaliases ¸Ã¹¤¾ß½øÐбðÃûÊý¾Ý¿âµÄ³õʼ»¯¡£Èç¹ûûÓÐÖ¸¶¨Êý¾Ý¿âµÄÀà
ÐÍ£¬ÔòʹÓÃϵͳĬÈϵÄÊý¾Ý¿âÀàÐÍ£¨ÔÚlinuxÏÂΪhash£©¡£¸ÃÃüÁî¿ÉÒÔ²»´ø²ÎÊýÖ´ÐС£

6.2 postfix×Ô´øµÄÃüÁîÐй¤¾ß

1£® postcat ´òÓ¡Óʼþ¶ÓÁÐÎļþµÄÄÚÈÝ¡£ºóÃæ½çÒªÏÔʾµÄ¶ÓÁÐÎļþÃû£¬¿ÉÒÔ
´øÒ»¸ö-vµÄ²ÎÊý½øÐÐÈßÓàÏÔʾ¡£

2£® postconf ´òÓ¡ÅäÖòÎÊýÉèÖúóµÄÖµ»òpostfixµÄÆäËûÐÅÏ¢¡£
-d ´òÓ¡ÅäÖòÎÊýµÄȱʡֵ¡£
-m ÁгöËùÓÐÖ§³ÖµÄ²éѯ±íÀàÐÍ¡£
²»´ø²ÎÊýÔò´òÓ¡ÅäÖòÎÊýÉèÖúóµÄÖµ¡£

3£® postmap ½¨Á¢postfix²éѯÊý¾Ý¿â¡£ÔÚlinuxÏ¿ÉÒÔÖ±½Ó¸úÉÏԭʼÎļþ
¶ø²»´øÈκβÎÊýÀ´½¨Á¢¸ÃÊý¾Ý¿â¡£

6.3 postfixµÄÈÕÖ¾
postfixµÄÈÕÖ¾ÎļþλÓÚ/etc/log/maillog, ÎļþÖаüº¬ÓÐpostfixµÄÆô¶¯ÐÅÏ¢¡¢³ö´íÐÅÏ¢ÒÔ¼°Í¬ÆäËûSMTP·þÎñÆ÷µÄ»á»°µÈµÈ¡£ÈçÏÂËùʾ£º

Sep 10 05:54:17 mail postfix/smtpd[5072]: disconnect from unknown[204.140.244.150]
Sep 10 06:06:00 mail postfix/qmgr[467]: 50D403DF8: from=<bye2000@yxtc.edu.cn>, size=6591 (queue active)
Sep 10 06:11:06 mail postfix/smtp[5085]: connect to bjmx2.163.net[202.108.255.241]: read timeout (port 25)
Sep 10 06:16:07 mail postfix/smtp[5085]: connect to bjmx3.163.net[202.108.255.242]: read timeout (port 25)
Sep 10 06:21:08 mail postfix/smtp[5085]: connect to bjmx1.163.net[202.108.255.240]: read timeout (port 25)

6.4 ÔÚpostfixÖÐʹÓÃMySQLÊý¾Ý¿â
Scott Cotton ºÍ Joshua MarcusдÁËÒ»¶Î¿ÉÒÔÔÚpostfixÖÐÌí¼ÓmysqlÓ³ÉäÀàÐ͵ĴúÂ룬´Ó¶øÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ½«postfix²éѯµÄ±ðÃûÊý¾Ý¿âµÈÊý¾Ý´æ´¢ÔÚmysqlÊý¾Ý¿âÖУ¬ÈÃpostfix½øÐÐmysql²éѯÀ´µÃµ½½á¹û¡£ÕâÑù×ö½«ÓÐÖúÓÚÌṩpostfixµÄÔËÐÐЧÂÊ£¬ ÓÐÆä¶ÔÐèÒª²»¶Ï¶ÔÓ³ÉäÊý¾ÝµÄÕ¾µãÌرðÓÐÓá£

1.ΪpostfixÌí¼Óʶ±ðmysqlÊý¾Ý¿âÓ³ÉäµÄ¹¦ÄÜ
a. ÓÉÓÚÕâ¶Î´úÂëʹÓÃÁËmysql¿Í»§¶Ë¿â£¬ËùÒÔÎÒÃDZØÐë°²×°mysqlµÄ¿ª°ü¡£
¿ÉÒÔµ½www.redhat.comµÈlinuxÏà¹ØÕ¾µãÏÂÔØmysql¿ª·¢°ü£¬Ò²¿ÉÒÔ´ÓijЩlinuxµÄ×ÊÔ´¹âÅÌÖÐÈ¡µÃmysqlµÄ¿ª·¢°ü£¬ÈçMySQL-client-3.22.30-1.i386.rpm¡£
b. °²×°¸Ã¿ª·¢°ü£º
rpm -ivh MySQL-client-3.22.30-1.i386.rpm
c. ÏÂÔØpostfixµÄÔ´´úÂë°ü£¬¸ù¾Ý±¾Õ¡°3.1Ô´´úÂë°üµÄ°²×°¡±µÄÌáʾ½øÐÐ
°²×°£¬µ«ÊÇ×¢ÒâÔÚÖ´ÐÐmakeÃüÁî֮ǰÏÈÖ´ÐÐÒÔÏÂÃüÁ
make -f Makefile.init makefiles 'CCARGS=-DHAS_MYSQL -I /usr/include/mysql'
'AUXLIBS=/usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.a -lm'

5. ÅäÖÃpostfixʹÓÃmysqlÊý¾Ý¿âÓ³Éä
ÎÒÃÇÒÔalias_maps½øÐÐ˵Ã÷¡£ÔÚmain.cfÖÐÖ¸¶¨£º
alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-aliases.cf

6. ±à¼­mysql-aliases.cf

#Ê×ÏÈÖ¸¶¨µÇ¼µ½mysql·þÎñÆ÷µÄÓû§ÃûºÍÃÜÂë
user = your_user_name
password = your_password

#Á¬½ÓµÄÊý¾Ý¿âÃû³Æ
dbname = your_database_name

#²éѯµÄ±íÃû
table = mytable

#Ìí¼Ó±íµÄ×Ö¶ÎÃû³Æ
#forward_addrΪת·¢µØÖ·
#aliasΪ±ðÃûÊý¾Ý
select_field£½forward_addr
where_field=alias
#Ìí¼Ó¸½¼ÓµÄ²éѯÌõ¼þ
additional_conditions=and status='paid'

#Ö¸¶¨ÒªÁ¬½ÓµÄMySQL·þÎñÆ÷
hosts=your.mysql.server

ÕâÑù£¬µ±·¢ÉúÒ»¸ö²éѯµÄʱºò£¬postfixÊÇÒÔÕâÑùµÄSQLÓï¾ä½øÐвéѯµÄ£º
select forward_addr from mytable where alias='$lookup' and status='paid'

ÒÔÉÏÖ»ÊÇÒ»¸öÀý×Ó¡£ÔÚʵ¼ÊµÄÔËÓÃÖÐÄú¿ÉÒÔÖ¸¶¨¶à¸ömysqlÊý¾Ý¿â£¬Ê¹Óöà¸öÊý¾Ý±í¸ñ¡£





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