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Java C# Reference

作者:未知 来源:月光软件站 加入时间:2005-2-28 月光软件站

The following rather meaningless program illustrates various of the string and character manipulation methods that are available in Java and which will be found to be useful in developing translators. The methods are closely related to those illustrated in C# later on this page, but they are not always completely equivalent.

  import java.util.*;

  class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
      char c, c1, c2;
      boolean b, b1, b2;
      String s, s1, s2;
      int i, i1, i2;

      b = Character.isLetter(c);                 // true if letter
      b = Character.isDigit(c);                  // true if digit
      b = Character.isLetterOrDigit(c);          // true if letter or digit
      b = Character.isWhitespace(c);             // true if white space
      b = Character.isLowerCase(c);              // true if lowercase
      b = Character.isUpperCase(c);              // true if uppercase
      c = Character.toLowerCase(c);              // equivalent lowercase
      c = Character.toUpperCase(c);              // equivalent uppercase
      s = Character.toString(c);                 // convert to string
      i = s.length();                            // length of string
      b = s.equals(s1);                          // true if s == s1
      b = s.equalsIgnoreCase(s1);                // true if s == s1, case irrelevant
      i = s1.compareTo(s2);                      // i = -1, 0, 1 if s1 < = > s2
      s = s.trim();                              // remove leading/trailing whitespace
      s = s.toUpperCase();                       // equivalent uppercase string
      s = s.toLowerCase();                       // equivalent lowercase string
      char[] ca = s.toCharArray();               // create character array
      s = s1.concat(s2);                         // s1 + s2
      s = s.substring(i1);                       // substring starting at s[i1]
      s = s.substring(i1, i2);                   // substring s[i1 ... i2-1]
      s = s.replace(c1, c2);                     // replace all c1 by c2
      c = s.charAt(i);                           // extract i-th character of s
  //    s[i] = c;                                // not allowed
      i = s.indexOf(c);                          // position of c in s[0 ...
      i = s.indexOf(c, i1);                      // position of c in s[i1 ...
      i = s.indexOf(s1);                         // position of s1 in s[0 ...
      i = s.indexOf(s1, i1);                     // position of s1 in s[i1 ...
      i = s.lastIndexOf(c);                      // last position of c in s
      i = s.lastIndexOf(c, i1);                  // last position of c in s, <= i1
      i = s.lastIndexOf(s1);                     // last position of s1 in s
      i = s.lastIndexOf(s1, i1);                 // last position of s1 in s, <= i1
      i = Integer.parseInt(s);                   // convert string to integer
      i = Integer.parseInt(s, i1);               // convert string to integer, base i1
      s = Integer.toString(i);                   // convert integer to string

      StringBuffer                               // build strings
        sb = new StringBuffer(),                 //
        sb1 = new StringBuffer("original");      //
      sb.append(c);                              // append c to end of sb
      sb.append(s);                              // append s to end of sb
      sb.insert(i, c);                           // insert c in position i
      sb.insert(i, s);                           // insert s in position i
      b = sb.equals(sb1);                        // true if sb == sb1
      i = sb.length();                           // length of sb
      i = sb.indexOf(s1);                        // position of s1 in sb
      sb.delete(i1, i2);                         // remove sb[i1 .. i2]
      sb.replace(i1, i2, s1);                    // replace sb[i1 .. i2] by s1
      s = sb.toString();                         // convert sb to real string
      c = sb.charAt(i);                          // extract sb[i]
      sb.setCharAt(i, c);                        // sb[i] = c

      StringTokenizer                            // tokenize strings
        st = new StringTokenizer(s, ".,");       // delimiters are . and ,
        st = new StringTokenizer(s, ".,", true); // delimiters are also tokens
        while (st.hasMoreTokens())               // process successive tokens
          process(st.nextToken());
    }
  }

The following rather meaningless program illustrates various of the string and character manipulation methods that are available in C# and which will be found to be useful in developing translators. The methods are closely related to those illustrated in Java earlier on this page, but they are not always completely equivalent.

  using System.Text;   // for StringBuilder
  using System;        // for Char

  class demo {
    public static void Main(string[] args) {
      char c, c1, c2;
      bool b, b1, b2;
      string s, s1, s2;
      int i, i1, i2;

      b = Char.IsLetter(c);                      // true if letter
      b = Char.IsDigit(c);                       // true if digit
      b = Char.IsLetterOrDigit(c);               // true if letter or digit
      b = Char.IsWhiteSpace(c);                  // true if white space
      b = Char.IsLower(c);                       // true if lowercase
      b = Char.IsUpper(c);                       // true if uppercase
      c = Char.ToLower(c);                       // equivalent lowercase
      c = Char.ToUpper(c);                       // equivalent uppercase
      s = c.ToString();                          // convert to string
      i = s.Length;                              // length of string
      b = s.Equals(s1);                          // true if s == s1
      b = String.Equals(s1, s2);                 // true if s1 == s2
      i = String.Compare(s1, s2);                // i = -1, 0, 1 if s1 < = > s2
      i = String.Compare(s1, s2, true);          // i = -1, 0, 1 if s1 < = > s2, ignoring case
      s = s.Trim();                              // remove leading/trailing whitespace
      s = s.ToUpper();                           // equivalent uppercase string
      s = s.ToLower();                           // equivalent lowercase string
      char[] ca = s.ToCharArray();               // create character array
      s = String.Concat(s1, s2);                 // s1 + s2
      s = s.Substring(i1);                       // substring starting at s[i1]
      s = s.Substring(i1, i2);                   // substring s[i1 ... i1+i2]
      s = s.Remove(i1, i2);                      // remove i2 chars from s[i1]
      s = s.Replace(c1, c2);                     // replace all c1 by c2
      s = s.Replace(s1, s2);                     // replace all s1 by s2
      c = s[i];                                  // extract i-th character of s
  //    s[i] = c;                                // not allowed
      i = s.IndexOf(c);                          // position of c in s[0 ...
      i = s.IndexOf(c, i1);                      // position of c in s[i1 ...
      i = s.IndexOf(s1);                         // position of s1 in s[0 ...
      i = s.IndexOf(s1, i1);                     // position of s1 in s[i1 ...
      i = s.LastIndexOf(c);                      // last position of c in s
      i = s.LastIndexOf(c, i1);                  // last position of c in s, <= i1
      i = s.LastIndexOf(s1);                     // last position of s1 in s
      i = s.LastIndexOf(s1, i1);                 // last position of s1 in s, <= i1
      i = Convert.ToInt32(s);                    // convert string to integer
      i = Convert.ToInt32(s, i1);                // convert string to integer, base i1
      s = Convert.ToString(i);                   // convert integer to string

      StringBuilder                              // build strings
        sb = new StringBuilder(),                //
        sb1 = new StringBuilder("original");     //
      sb.Append(c);                              // append c to end of sb
      sb.Append(s);                              // append s to end of sb
      sb.Insert(i, c);                           // insert c in position i
      sb.Insert(i, s);                           // insert s in position i
      b = sb.Equals(sb1);                        // true if sb == sb1
      i = sb.Length;                             // length of sb
      sb.Remove(i1, i2);                         // remove i2 chars from sb[i1]
      sb.Replace(c1, c2);                        // replace all c1 by c2
      sb.Replace(s1, s2);                        // replace all s1 by s2
      s = sb.ToString();                         // convert sb to real string
      c = sb[i];                                 // extract sb[i]
      sb[i] = c;                                 // sb[i] = c

      string[]                                   // tokenize strings
        tokens = s.Split('.', ';');              // delimiters are . and ;
      for (i = 0; i < tokens.Length; i++)        // process successive tokens
        Process(tokens[i]);
    }
  }



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