发信人: ry()
整理人: roy_young(2002-03-15 17:41:22), 站内信件
|
容易搞錯的單字 (1/4)/ 懷中
學英語時，往往遇到許多容易令人感到糊塗的單字，有的意義相似，但用法差異，有的拼法相近，意義卻又大不相同。現在舉些例子，供讀者參考。
1. shag 與 fuzz：這兩個字，都是名詞，shag 通常是指粗毛或長毛。（形容詞是 shaggy）但是 fuzz 是指細毛、絨毛或茸毛。（形容詞是 fuzzy）例如：
The shag carpet is out of style. (粗毛的地毯已經不流行了。)
How much carpet fuzz do you expect to come out？ (你想地毯會起多少的細毛呢？)
至於形容詞 shaggy，也指有許多毛的動物，有時也指人。例如：
The dog（cat）is so shaggy. (指狗貓有許多的 long hair)
The man looks very shaggy. (指長髮、長鬍子或一身毛。) (不禮貌，不可當面說。)
Your sweater is fuzzy. (你的毛衣起了細毛。)
2. flogging 與 spanking：flog 的意思是鞭打或棒打(其動詞時態是：flogged, flogged, flogging)，多半有永久性的受傷 (permanent injure) 而 spank 通常是指用手打；是輕微的處分，也不會有永久性的傷害。(light form of punishing with hand; no permanent effect) 例如：
The school does not have the authority to flog the student. (學校無權鞭打處罰學生。)
Back in the old day, they gave the ill－behaved man a flogging. (過去他們對行為不良的男人，狠狠抽打一頓。)
Many people decry flogging (or caning). (許多人反對鞭打或棒打。)
The mother gave her boy a spank (or spanking) for being very rude. (由於孩子的粗魯無禮，他媽媽打他屁股。)
(注意：flog 不可與 frog 弄錯)
3. climate 與 weather：這兩個名詞嚴格來說，climate 通常意義較廣，多指一般性較長的氣候或氣候區。(long range； condition in general； more broad and academic) 而 weather 是指範圍較小，屬地方性的天氣。(short period of time； local) 例如：
The climate of Taiwan is warmer than that of California. (台灣氣候比加州熱。) (指一般性，範圍較大。)
The weather in Taiwan at this time of the year tends to be hot and humid. (這個時候台灣的天氣，可能是炎熱而潮濕。)
(指較短的時間，而且範圍較小。)
不過也有一些老外把這兩個字交替使用 (exchangeable)；至於 climate 也可指社會的風氣或潮流。例如：
The moral climate in our society is declining. (我們社會的道德風氣節節下降。) (climate = condition)
還有，weather 也可做動詞用，有「度過難關」的意思。例如：
The ship has weathered the storm. (船已度過暴風的難關。)
(weather = last through，也就是 went through storm without serious damage or sinking)
4. wilful 與 stubborn：wilful (= willful) 多半指故意的或存心的固執或不肯做。(purposely will not do something) 而 stubborn 係指天生倔強的個性，或由後天環境的影響而養成的頑固。(will not change one's mind naturely or nurturely) 例如：
This wilful teenager refused to listen to his parents. (這位小伙子故意不聽父母的話。)
His secretary was fired because of wilful disobedience. (他的秘書因存心違抗而被解雇。)
The stubborn man always makes troubles. (頑固個性的人常出亂子。)
Mr. A has accomplished this project with stubborn efforts. (他以頑強的努力完成這項計畫。)
5. healthy 與 healthful：這兩個字都是形容詞。healthy 是指一個人的身體健康，強壯的 (refers to one's health)，但是 healthful 是指對健康有益的食物或有營養價值的。(refers to nutrition or foods) 例如：
Vegetables and fruits are supposed to be healthful foods. (蔬菜和水果是有益健康的食物)(也有老外用healthy)
Exercising and non-smoking are healthful habits. ((運動和不吸菸是有益健康的習慣。)
This old man looks very healthy. (這位老人的身體看來很健康。)
In order to keep healthy, you need to eat some seafood. (為了保持身體健康，你必須吃些海鮮。)
----
I am RY. |
|