发信人: henryxie.(琴佬)
整理人: bigfish(2002-01-12 14:57:13), 站内信件
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The Guitar Times: 在大师班上，你谈到过有关吉他声音发展的问题，现在的演奏家大多都比以前的演奏家更注意演奏时避免换把杂音的产生。
During the master-class, you have been talking about the evolution of the sound : the fact that today most guitarists tend to play with much fewer squeaks than before.
David Russell: 如果我们回到Villa-Lobos的年代，我想他不可能每天都有新的琴弦用，他可能是使用比较旧的琴弦来演奏，他住在巴西，那是一个很潮湿的地方，而且他当时肯定也没有空调使用。在这种情况下，他在演奏时根本就不会产生换把杂音。在他所作曲的乐曲中，在那些需要在低音弦上上下移动的乐句，对于Villa-Lobos来说根本就不会有换把杂音产生。
If we go back to the time of Villa-Lobos, well he probably didn't have new strings everyday he played -he probably had old ones- , he also lived in Brazil, where it's humid, warm, and he certainly didn't have air-conditioning.
So, what happened? He did not squeak!
He wrote music where you move up and down the bass strings. That didn't matter to him because he wouldn't hear it.
但是对于现在的年轻演奏家来说，他们有非常好的吉他，崭新的琴弦，并且在一个干燥的音乐厅中演奏，这时，如果要出现换把杂音，那么音乐就会被破坏了，因此我们必须找到一些解决的办法。这个问题与每个人的身体有一定关系，有的人的皮肤比较硬，于是产生的换把杂音也会比较明显，但是我认为，产生换把杂音的主要原因还是不良的演奏习惯。通过合理的指法和移指时注意将手指抬起，我们可以去除一半的换把杂音现象。
Then you take a young guitarist now, with a fantastic bright new guitar, new strings, playing in a dry concert hall ... and he squeaks like hell!
It just kills the music sometimes, so we must find some sort of solution.
Some of it is just physical -some people have harder skin, and they squeak more- , but I think that a lot of the squeaks are perhaps just bad habits. Half of them you can get rid of just by maybe choosing a better fingering, or simply by lifting the hand.
有些时候我们产生的换把杂音都是可以避免的，而且只要稍微有所注意就可以避免。一旦你将这种换把杂音避免了，那么你演奏时的换把杂音肯定会减少50%。另外有些时候，这样做会导致音乐旋律线的间断，这时就需要我们有所取舍，找到一个平衡点。"我们这样做会丢掉什么，又能够得到什么？"有时，一点小的间断或是一个不同的指法会造成微弱的不连贯，但是却可以得到干净的声音，这种牺牲是值得的。
Sometimes people put squeaks in places that it's really so easy to get rid of. If you get rid of them, that would be fifty per-cent less squeaks, that already is something. Then sometimes unfortunately you lose a bit of the musical line, but then each person is going to have to balance "what do you lose and what do you gain?". Sometimes, a small cut, or a different fingering that's not so linear but is cleaner, is a sacrifice worth doing.
在钢琴上，不可能将两个音符连起来，但是好的钢琴演奏家却可以让钢琴唱歌，因此，我们也应该找到好的方法，在避免换把杂音时虽然造成了音符连接的紧密性变差，但是依然可以将音乐表现得很优美。这完全是可能的！唯一的问题就是有时候你只是做了小小的改变，然后就接受了它，你应该多做些尝试。
A piano has nothing to connect two notes, and yet a great pianist can make the piano sing, so we should find ways to get rid of the squeaks -and the notes are no longer connected as close- , and still make beautiful music. Of course it's possible!
The only problem is that sometimes you may have to use a slightly different way of doing it, and just accept that.
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