发信人: henryxie.(琴佬)
整理人: bigfish(2002-01-12 14:57:13), 站内信件
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The Guitar Times: 请问你如何安排你个人的学习？
How do you organise your personal study ?
What would be a perfect day of work ?
David Russell: 几乎每天，我都首先进行技巧练习。这是从我20或是21岁起开始养成的习惯。当我在伦敦完成了学校中的学习时，我感觉自己的技巧还是无法达到自己所想要的程度。
Almost every day, I do some technique first. And this really started maybe when I was around 20 or 21. I felt, when I finished the academy in London, that I still was a way behind what I really thought I should be doing in technique.
我不是Odair Assad或是John Williams那样的天才，我是另外一种类型的学生。我必须靠自己的刻苦努力来提高自己的技巧水平，使得演奏更加完美，速度更快，几乎每一个弹吉他的人都希望的那样。
I wasn't a child prodigy like Odair Assad or John Williams, I was just another student. So I had to work hard to clean-up my technique, make it more perfect, get more speed : all the things everybody wants.
我决定将他们真正地系统化，其中一件事情就是要进行热身运动，而且我也很清楚随着我的年龄越来越大，我必须做得更好。
I decided to systemise it really, because one of the things is to warm-up and I think as I get older and older I must do it better.
年轻住在西班牙时，可能只活动了两分钟后就开始弹"Sevilla"这样的乐曲，但是现在我感觉如果我开始得更仔细并且从零开始来做热身活动，那么感觉会更好。
When you're young and you live in Spain, in 2 minutes you go and you hit "Sevilla" but now I feel it's better if I start carefully and do it from zero.
这种思想要从你的第一堂吉他课就建立。你给自己上第一堂吉他课，然后是第二堂课，以后你会在以后每天的学习中不断重复这个过程，只需要几分钟而已。这样可以为你的双手养成很好的习惯。因此，这里没有什么诀窍让你可以一下子解决演奏"Sevilla"或是Bach的"Chaconne"这样的乐曲中的技巧问题。你必须在弹完了一些非常简单的乐曲后甚至简单的都不是乐曲的东西后再开始，一定要经过这样一个过程。
The idea is really to have your first guitar lesson. So you give yourself your first guitar lesson, then your second, and you go through all the process of learning everyday, only a couple of minutes obviously. This is to create good habits in your hands. So there's no point in trying to resolve technical problems while you're playing "Sevilla" or Bach's "Chaconne"... You must do it while you play absolutely simple pieces or even better if they're not pieces, just simple studies and go through that process.
我可能会活动半个小时到一个小时时间，并不是每天都如此，但是今天我活动了至少20分钟，只是要让我的手指感觉舒适，然后我开始演奏，我会发挥得更好，因为我已经完成了所有的基本练习。
So I would do maybe half an hour of that -not everyday-, but today I did at least twenty minutes, just to get my fingers to feel good, then when I practice I do it better because I've covered most of the basic things.
接下来的时间我将回顾我已经熟悉的东西，其目的主要是为了巩固自己已经养成的一些好习惯，然后就是练习一些自己认为还不够完美的技巧，例如某个柔弦，连音等，我会为此专门花时间来解决。
The next bit would be to review things I already know, and just to ingrain the good habits of my movements, then to practice some of the things that I don't do quite so well : maybe there are certain trills, slurs that are not as good as I want so I would spend some time on that.
在早晨我的头脑比较清晰时，我首先完成上面的练习，然后会花时间来记忆乐谱、演奏一些新的乐曲，或是练习乐曲中那些难度较高的段落，也可能去变换一下音乐的处理方式以求得一些变化。我不会在早晨去弹奏整首乐曲，这符合我的生活节奏，因为我的头脑在上午11点钟时要明显比下午4点钟时清醒。
After I've done that -in the morning when my mind is fresher- I normally like to use some time for memorising or for doing new stuff or breaking up the piece, doing the difficult bits or changing a musical idea if I want to do it differently. I try not to play right through whole pieces in the morning, mostly to take advantage of my own daily rhythm : I'm more fresh in the life at eleven o'clock than at four in the afternoon.
在每天剩下的时间，我会试着去弹奏整首的乐曲，这需要集中精神去完成，并且我对自己说：我要演奏整首的乐曲并且要尽力将所有的段落组合为一个整体，作为一件艺术品，这与平时的练习有很大的不同。
And then later on in the day I would try to play through the whole piece because there's a kind of concentration necessary when you try to say : okay, I'm going to play the whole thing and try to put it together as an entity, as a piece of art, which is very different from the practice.
你懂得计算机，因此你一定能够理解输入和输出之间的区别。练习有点象输入，你将信息输入到自己的头脑中，然后你要将整个乐曲进行输出，你要做好这一切。这里非常重要的就是要区分这两件事情，并且尽量不要将这二者混淆在一起。
You are a computer person, so you understand the difference between INPUT and OUTPUT. So, practising in little bits is INPUT, you are putting in the information into yourself and then when you play the piece it is OUTPUT, you're making it work, you're running your program. It's important to divide the two things, and not to try to do the two things together, so instead of trying to practice by running the program -by OUTPUT- you must break it up first.
And then you put it all together, and you play the whole thing.
这里有两点要注意的地方：一是要连贯，二是你要对演奏中的每一个细节都格外严格。
There are different kinds of concentration : one needs continuity, the other you have to be very critical about everything that is happening.
当你举办音乐会的时候，你又要转变自己的位置，你必须鼓励自己，要努力演奏得精彩，你需要有信心。
Once you get to your concert, you must be the opposite, you must encourage yourself, continue through, play well and you need your confidence.
当你在练习的时候，你应该想："这里还不够好，我应该改进它；那里的声音还不是我所想要的音色，我应该改进它。"但是通常情况下，人们并不这样考虑。
In your practice, you should think : "that wasn't good, so let's fix it, that didn't sound the way I wanted so let's do this better", but what happens?
许多人在家中练琴，有时候会自我感觉不错，你会想："这里弹得不错，那里弹得听好。"但是一旦到了音乐会上，你会想："这里弹得不行，那里弹得很糟糕。"实际上，你的思考方式产生了错误！
Most people sit at home, myself sometimes as well, and you go : "hey, that was nice, oh, that was good" and you get to your concert and you think : "oh, that was horrible, oh, that was bad" : your mind is doing the wrong thing!
因此你必须转变你的思考方式。
So you must switch off one thing for the other.
我认为每一个人在一天中的办事节奏会有所不同，而且我认为搞清楚这个问题非常关键，例如，什么时间段你的记忆力最好？那么一旦哪一天你空闲下来，就可以留出这段时间来进行记忆方面的工作。你应该有意识地做这些事情，而不是持续不断地练习。就我个人来讲我知道自己记忆力最好的时候是在这样一些时间段：我刚刚做完热身练习之后，晚上睡觉前的最后一件事情，等等。这些时候我的记忆会最有效，可能只是短短20分钟，我就能够记下一首新乐曲或是其中的一部分。
I think each person has a different rhythm during the day, and I think it's important for each of us to find out, for example : when do you memorise best? And if you have a free day, to make sure to leave that time for memorising. You do it on purpose, not just continue practising, and I know that I am especially good at memorising at certain times :
Straight after I warm-up, last thing at night... there are certain moments that are good for me to spend -maybe just twenty minutes- on the new piece that I am working, on putting it into memory, or putting parts of it in.
我认为这是一件很重要的事情，因为我们这时是没有音乐在里面的，我们在用记忆进行演奏的时候能够辨明什么是好的什么是不好的，我们可以去尝试并且使问题尽可能地清楚，尽可能地完美。你要去考虑：是什么东西使你在音乐会上感到紧张？
I think that is an important part because traditionally we play without music; we can argue if that's good or bad but we're going to play by memory, so we must work on it and make that as clean and as perfect as possible because if you think : what makes you nervous when you play in concert?
什么会使我感到紧张？我会忘掉它！
What makes me nervous? ... I might forget!
你要知道，不要在弹呲了两个音符后就感到紧张。
You know, you don't get nervous you are going to buzz two notes.
因此，我认为这种记忆方法是很重要的。
It's if you fall off, so the way you memorise I think is important.
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