发信人: roy_young(Roy)
整理人: roy_young(2001-06-04 14:22:25), 站内信件
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1. wound: 這個字當名詞用,是指「傷口」,但是動詞 wind 的過去式及過去分詞也是 wound,意思是「纏繞」。但兩者發音不同。如果把 wound 字重複用在一個句子裡,一時是否有點「迷惑」呢? 例如:
The bandage was wound around the wound.(繃帶纏繞著傷口。)
假如分開使用,就比較清楚:
The nurse used the bandage to wind up the wound.(護士用繃帶紮緊傷口。)
但是 Wind 當名詞用,是指「風」,當動詞用,也有「繃緊」的意思。(兩者發音也不同) 例如:
The wind was too strong to wind the sail.(風太大,所以紮不緊船帆。)
I need to wind the old clock every morning.(每天早晨我要為老鐘上發條。)
2. produce: 這個字當動詞用,是指「生產」。當名詞用,多半是指「蔬菜果類等新鮮農產品」。兩者發音也不同。假如把這個字重複用在一個句子裡,會不會覺得「怪怪」的?例如:
The farm was used to produce produce.(農場是用來生產蔬菜果類的。)
如果分開使用,就較明白:
The farmer sells his produce in front of his house。 (農夫在房子前面出售新鮮農產品。)
I produce a lot of work evey day.(我每天完成很多工作。)
(註:美國公路旁邊攤子所賣的蔬菜水果等,都叫 produce,單複數一樣,也不叫 farm produce,因為 produce 本身就含有 farm 的意思。不過也有人稱為 farm products.)
3. refuse:大家都曉得,這個字,通常當動詞用是「拒絕」的意思,但當名詞用,又是指「垃圾」。不過兩者發音不同。如果把這個字重複用在一個句子裡,是否令人「迷糊」呢?例如:
The dump was so full that it had to refuse more refuse.(垃圾場太滿了,所以拒收更多的垃圾。)
當然分別使用時,就更清楚些:
I don't know why you always refuse to participate in our community services。(我不曉得你為什麼老是拒絕參加社區服務。)
Don't put any refuse in my trash can.(不要在我的垃圾箱裡丟垃圾。)
(refuse 當「垃圾」用時,通常單複數都一樣。)
4. lead:這個字當動詞用是「帶領」的意思;但當名詞用,又是指「鉛」。但兩者發音不同。 如果這個字,在一個句子裡重複出現,你會「迷糊」嗎?例如:
He could lead if he would get the lead out.
也就是說:
He could lead the group more efficiently if he would get the lead out of his feet.(意思是:假如他的動作能敏捷快速,他就能更有效的領隊。)(to get the lead out = to speed up)
假如分別使用,就更明白:
He will lead the swimming team for our school. (他將代表本校帶領游泳隊。)
Don't be a lead foot driver. (不要開快車。)
5. desert:這個字當動詞用是「放棄」的意思,當名詞用,又是「沙漠」。不過兩者發音不同。(也不可與 dessert「飯後甜點」弄錯。)假如打趣的把這個不同意義的字重複用在一個句子裡,會使人「迷惑」嗎?例如:
The soldier decided to desert his dessert in the desert. (士兵在沙漠裡放棄他的甜點)
當分開使用時,就較明白些:
As she is on diet, she likes to desert her dessert every day.(她因為節食,所以每天不吃甜點。)
People living in the desert will have hard time finding water.(在沙漠生活的人,很難找到水。)
6. present:這個字當動詞用,意思是「給予」或「介紹」;當名詞用是指「禮物」或「現在」。 (不過發音不同)(做「禮物」用時,複數可加 s)當這個字重複地在一個句子裡出現,是否又會「迷糊」呢?例如:
Since there is no time like the present, he thought it was time to present the present.(由於沒有像現在這樣的時間,他認為應該是贈送禮物的時候了。)
At present, we will present a present to our boss. (現在我們將贈送一個禮物給老闆。)
當然分開使用時,就更明白了:
I will present you our new chairperson, Mr. Lee.(我要介紹我們的新會長李先生。)
7. Invalid:這個字通常當形容詞用是「失效的」,但當名詞用是指「殘障者」,但兩者發音不同。(invalid 當「殘障者」解,複數可加s)如果這個字在一個句子裡同時出現,也許就會「迷糊」了。例如:
The insurance was invalid for the invalid. (這個保險對殘障者是無效的。)
假如分開個別使用,也就明白了:
The invalid needs all kinds of health insurance. (殘障者需要各種的健康保險。)
His driver license is invalid. (他的駕駛執照已經失效。)
8. Bass:這個字當名詞用是指「鱸魚」或「樂器低音」。(兩者發音也較不同) 如果在一個句子裡,同時有兩個 bass 出現,又會怎樣呢?例如:
A bass was painted on the head of the bass drum.(大鼓的上端畫有一隻鱸魚)(bass drum 是大鼓)
假如分別使用,當然就很明白了:
The fisherman caught a lot of bass yesterday.(bass 的複數是 basses 或 bass)
He is a bass player in the band.(他是樂隊裡的低音歌手)
9. dove:這個字當名詞用是指「鴿子」(通常是和平的象徵),但是動詞 dive「潛入」的過去式及過去分詞也是 dove,如果一個句子裡有兩個 dove 出現,是否「糊塗」呢?例如:
When shot at, the dove dove into the bushes.
= When the hunter shot at the dove, it dove into the bushes for safety.(當射手瞄準時,鴿子潛進叢林。)
當然這個字分開使用,就很明白:
The swimmer dove from the platform.(游泳者從跳水台上潛入水裡)
The couple released a dove at their wedding.(這對夫婦在婚禮上釋放一隻和平鴿)
10. does:名詞 doe 是「母鹿」(= female deer)如果複數加 s,就變成 does;但是動詞 do,用在第三人稱,單數,現在式,也要加 es,就成 does。如果這兩個 does 在一個句子裡同時出現,是否「迷惑」呢?例如:
The buck does funny things when the does are present.(當母鹿出現時,公鹿就會做出一些有趣的動作。)(buck 是公鹿 = male deer)
當然分別使用時,就不會迷糊了:
The does were standing together in the forest.(在森林裡母鹿站在一起)
The student does his homework every day.(學生每天做他的功課)
11. ill:大家都知道這個字當形容詞是指「生病」,但 ill 與 afford 連用時,意思是「付不起」。如果用在同樣的句子裡,也會使人「迷惑」嗎?例如:
This poor man was ill and could ill afford to buy medicine.(這位生病的窮人付不起醫藥費)(ill = not)
It is a vital publication and we can ill afford to lose.(這是一份重要的刊物;我們不能失去它。)
但是 ill 當副詞用,也有「壞話」的意思:
Don't speak ill of others.(不要說別人壞話)
12. fair:這個字當名詞用是指「商展會」,當形容詞是「美麗的」「公平的」,不過在一個句子裡,同時出現兩個fair,會有「迷惑」嗎?例如:
A fair lady went to the county fair yesterday.(一位漂亮的女士昨天參觀縣裡的商展會)
假如分別使用,就較明白:
All criminals should be given fair trials.(所有罪犯應該得到公正的審判)
Our state fair will be held here next month.(下個月我們州政府的商展會將在此地舉行)
13. tip:這個字當名詞用是「忠告」或「小費」的意思。但是一個句子裡如果有兩個 tip 出現,是否也會「迷糊」呢?例如:
The waiter gave me a good tip and I left him a large tip. (侍者給我一個好忠告,我也給他較多的小費。)(tip = advice)
假如分開使用,就更明白:
Speaking of stocks, I will take your tip. (談到股票方面,我倒要接受你的忠告。)
但是,
She will tip off the police about an illegal operation.(她要通知警察一個違法的勾當)
(這裡的 to tip off = to inform)
14. fly:這個字當名詞,通常是指「蒼蠅」,但也指「褲子前面的拉鍊」。假如在一個句子裡,出現兩個fly,是否會「迷糊」呢?例如:
Mr. Chen was trying to kill a fly but accidentally burst his fly. (陳先生在打蒼蠅時,褲子前面的拉鍊突然裂開。)
(burst 的過去式及過去分詞也是 burst)
當然分別使用時,則更明白:
His fly burst open during the meeting. (他開會時褲子前面的拉鍊裂開)
The crazy man unzipped his fly on purpose.(神經兮兮的男子故意不拉上褲子的拉鍊)
(動詞 zip 是「拉上拉鍊」的意思,過去式及過去分詞是 zipped) (unzip 就是「不拉上拉鍊」)
15. suit: 這個字當名詞用,是「控告」或「全套衣服」。但當動詞用時,是「合適」的意思。假如兩個suit字,放在一個句子裡,也許有點「糊塗」吧!例如:
Instead of paying her attorney for a law suit, she bought him an expensive suit.(她買了一套昂貴的服裝給她律師,以替代訴訟的費用。)
如果分別使用這個字,當然就較清楚:
My wife bought me a beautiful three-piece suit. (內人買給我一套漂亮的西裝)
(three-piece suit 是指連帶男用背心的西裝,而 two-piece suit 是只有衣服和褲子的西裝)(suit 的多數是 suits)
Mr. Young filed a suit against his old friend. (楊先生控告他的老朋友 )(suit = law suit)
Friday will suit me (fine). (星期五對我很適合 )(suit=fit into my schedule)
但用動詞 sue,則後面不用 against:例如:
He will sue his boss for racial discrimination. (他控告老闆種族歧視)
16. suite:這個字當名詞用,意思是「一套家具」或「一群房間」,但是在一個句子裡有兩個 suite 出現時,會「迷糊」嗎? (這個字與 suit 發音不同)(複數可加 s) 例如:
The manager bought a living-room suite for his suite on the second floor. (經理在二樓辦公室買了一套客廳的家具)
如果分別使用,則更清楚:
I like this bed-room suite very much. (我喜歡這套臥室家具) (suite = set)
His office is located on the 4th floor, suite 401. (他的辦公室是在四樓 401 室)
17. numb:這個字當形容詞用是「麻木的」,但是變成形容詞比較級時,又與名詞 number 的拼法相同了。如果兩個 number 在同一句子裡出現,是否「迷糊」呢?例如:
After a number of injections his jaw got number.(經過多次打針後,他的下巴更加失去感覺)(a number of = many)
如果分開使用,則較清楚:
During the Japanese invasion, many Chinese minds went numb, but her mind was number.(日本侵略時,許多中國人的心志變成麻木,但她更麻木。)
The number of Chinese deaths was at least 35 millions after the Japanese invasion.(日本侵略後,中國人死亡數目至少三千五百萬人。)
18. loose:這個形容詞有「放蕩的」「亂花錢的」「鬆動的」等意思,例如在一個句子裡,同時出現兩個loose,就有一點「迷糊」了。例如:
The woman is loose and has a loose lip.(這個女人行為放蕩,同時信口亂說話。)
如果分別使用,則較明白:
His wife is loose with her money.(他的太太亂花錢)= big spender
Mr. Lin is loose with his children. (林先生對他的孩子管教很鬆)(= not strict)
(但也可以真正指「螺絲的鬆動」= The screw is loose.)
(如果只說:She (He) is loose.可能是指「行為放蕩」或「為人隨和」。)
19. coed:這個字當名詞用,如果後面有其他字眼,是指「男女合校」,如果 coed 後面沒有其他字眼,則指「大學的女生」。假如在一句裡,出現兩個 coed,有時也會令人「迷惑」的。例如:
A coed was residing in a coed dormitory. (一位女生住在男女合住的學生宿舍。) (因為 coed 後面有 dormitory)
如果分別使用,則較清楚:
A coed was murdered at the mall last year. (去年一位大學女生在採購中心遇害)
(coed 這個字,實際上就是 coeducational 的縮寫)
20. tear:這個字當名詞用,意思是「撕破」或「眼淚」,但發音不同。如果在一個句子裡,同時使用兩個tear,是否會「迷糊」呢?例如:
Upon seeing the tear in the famous painting, she shed a tear.(看到名畫被撕破後,她流出眼淚。)(動詞 shed 的過去式及過去分詞也是 shed)
假如分開使用,則更明白:
He found a big tear in his car seat. (他在汽車座位上發現一大破洞)
Could a tear be used as a symbol of love?(眼淚可以做為愛的象徵嗎?)
21. live:大家都知道這個字當動詞用,意思是「生存」,但在第三人稱,單數,現在式,後面要加s,變成lives。然而名詞life的多數,也是 lives (兩者發音不同,倒要注意),假如在一個句子裡,出現兩個 lives,可別「迷糊」了。例如:
The significance of our lives lives in our hearts. (我們生命的意味是活在我們的心裡)
如果分開使用,就更明白:
He lives a very happy life. (他活得很痛快)
The lives of my family members are as good as yours. (我家人的生活與你的家人一樣好)
22. pitch:這個字當動詞用,除「投擲」意思,還有「推銷」或「廣告」的意味。但是在一個句子裡,如果發現兩個pitch,或會使人「迷惑」吧!例如:
Several merchants were trying to pitch in for a T.V. special in order to pitch their new products. (幾位商人設法分擔費用為推銷他們的新產品買個電視特別節目。)
(to pitch in 是指大家分擔金錢或時間去完成某事。)
如果分開使用,則更清楚:
His family members will try to pitch in to build this house.(他的家人想要分擔金錢來蓋這棟房子。)
Are you going to pitch this new merchandise on T.V.?(你想在電視上推銷這個新貨物嗎?)
當然,pitch 真正也有「throw」的意思:
I always pitch the ball to this little boy.(我常常投球給這小孩。)
23. bow:這個字當動詞用是「鞠躬」;當名詞用是「蝶形結」或「彩結」,或「弓」,也可指「船頭」。(但動詞與名詞的發音不同)如果有兩個 bow 出現在一個句子裡,是否覺得「迷糊」呢?例如:
The man with a bow tie will bow for (或 to) the queen.(戴著領結的男人將向皇后鞠躬。)
如果分開使用,則更明白:
People always place a bow on the gift.(人們常常在禮物上放個彩結。)
He used a bow to shoot an arrow.(他拉弓射箭。)
The bow of the ship was being hit by the strong waves. (船頭被大浪沖激。)
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