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中华人民共和国继承法(附英文)
目 录
第一章 总 则
第二章 法定继承
第三章 遗嘱继承和遗赠
第四章 遗产的处理
第五章 附 则
第一章 总 则
第一条 根据《中华人民共和国宪法》规定，为保护公民的私有财产的继承
权，制定本法。
第二条 继承从被继承人死亡时开始。
第三条 遗产是公民死亡时遗留的个人合法财产，包括：
（一）公民的收入；
（二）公民的房屋、储蓄和生活用品；
（三）公民的林木、牲畜和家禽；
（四）公民的文物、图书资料；
（五）法律允许公民所有的生产资料；
（六）公民的著作权、专利权中的财产权利；
（七）公民的其他合法财产。
第四条 个人承包应得的个人收益，依照本法规定继承。个人承包，依照法
律允许由继承人继续承包的，按照承包合同办理。
第五条 继承开始后，按照法定继承办理；有遗嘱的,按照遗嘱继承或者遗赠
办理；有遗赠扶养协议的，按照协议办理。
第六条 无行为能力人的继承权、受遗赠权，由他的法定代理人代为行使。
限制行为能力人的继承权、受遗赠权，由他的法定代理人代为行使，或者征
得法定代理人同意后行使。
第七条 继承人有下列行为之一的，丧失继承权：
（一）故意杀害被继承人的；
（二）为争夺遗产而杀害其他继承人的；
（三）遗弃被继承的，或者虐待被继承人情节严重的；
（四）伪造、篡改或者销毁遗嘱，情节严重的。
第八条 继承权纠纷提起诉讼的期限为二年，自继承人知道或者应当知道其
权利被侵犯之日起计算。但是，自继承开始之日起超过二十年的，不得再提起诉
讼。
第二章 法定继承
第九条 继承权男女平等。
第十条 遗产按照下列顺序继承：
第一顺序：配偶、子女、父母。
第二顺序：兄弟姐妹、祖父母、外祖父母。
继承开始后，由第一顺序继承人继承，第二顺序继承人不继承。没有第一顺
序继承人继承的，由第二顺序继承人继承。
本法所说的子女，包括婚生子女、非婚生子女、养子女和有扶养关系的继子
女。
本法所说的父母，包括生父母、养父母和有扶养关系的继父母。
本法所说的兄弟姐妹，包括同父母的兄弟姐妹、同父异母或者同母异父的兄
弟姐妹、养兄弟姐妹、有扶养关系的继兄弟姐妹。
第十一条 被继承人的子女先于被继承人死亡的，由被继承人的子女的晚辈
直系血亲代位继承。代位继承人一般只能继承他的父亲或者母亲有权继承的遗产
份额。
第十二条 丧偶儿媳对公、婆，丧偶女婿对岳父、岳母，尽了主要赡养义务
的，作为第一顺序继承人。
第十三条 同一顺序继承人继承遗产的份额，一般应当均等。
对生活有特殊困难的缺乏劳动能力的继承人，分配遗产时，应当予以照顾。
对被继承人尽了主要扶养义务或者与被继承人共同生活的继承人，分配遗产
时，可以多分。
有扶养能力和有扶养条件的继承人，不尽扶养义务的，分配遗产时，应当不
分或者少分。
继承人协商同意的，也可以不均等。
第十四条 对继承人以外的依靠被继承人扶养的缺乏劳动能力又没有生活来
源的人，或者继承人以外的对被继承人扶养较多的人，可以分给他们适当的遗产
。
第十五条 继承人应当本着互谅互让、和睦团结的精神，协商处理继承问题
。遗产分割的时间、办法和份额，由继承人协商确定。协商不成的，可以由人民
调解委员会调解或者向人民法院提起诉讼。
第三章 遗嘱继承和遗赠
第十六条 公民可以依照本法规定立遗嘱处分个人财产，并可以指定遗嘱执
行人。
公民可以立遗嘱将个人财产指定由法定继承人的一人或者数人继承。
公民可以立遗嘱将个人财产赠给国家、集体或者法定继承人以外的人。
第十七条 公证遗嘱由遗嘱人经公证机关办理。
自书遗嘱由遗嘱人亲笔书写，签名，注明年、月、日。
代书遗嘱应当有两个以上见证人在场见证，由其中一人代书，注明年、月、
日，并由代书人、其他见证人和遗嘱人签名。
以录音形式立的遗嘱，应当有两个以上见证人在场见证。
遗嘱人在危急情况下，可以立口头遗嘱。口头遗嘱应当有两个以上见证人在
场见证。危急情况解除后，遗嘱人能够用书面或者录音形式立遗嘱的，所立的口
头遗嘱无效。
第十八条 下列人员不能作为遗嘱见证人：
（一）无行为能力人、限制行为能力人；
（二）继承人、受遗赠人；
（三）与继承人、受遗赠人有利害关系的人。
第十九条 遗嘱应当对缺乏劳动能力又没有生活来源的继承人保留必要的遗
产份额。
第二十条 遗嘱人可以撤销、变更自己所立的遗嘱。
立有数份遗嘱，内容相抵触的，以最后的遗嘱为准。
自书、代书、录音、口头遗嘱，不得撤销、变更公证遗嘱。
第二十一条 遗嘱继承或者遗赠附有义务的，继承人或者受遗赠人应当履行
义务。没有正当理由不履行义务的，经有关单位或者个人请求，人民法院可以取
消他接受遗产的权利。
第二十二条 无行为能力人或者限制行为能力人所立的遗嘱无效。
遗嘱必须表示遗嘱人的真实意思，受胁迫、欺骗所立的遗嘱无效。
伪造的遗嘱无效。
遗嘱被篡改的，篡改的内容无效。
第四章 遗产的处理
第二十三条 继承开始后，知道被继承人死亡的继承人应当及时通知其他继
承人和遗嘱执行人。继承人中无人知道被继承人死亡或者知道被继承人死亡而不
能通知的，由被继承人生前所在单位或者住所地的居民委员会、村民委员会负责
通知。
第二十四条 存有遗产的人，应当妥善保管遗产，任何人不得侵吞或者争抢
。
第二十五条 继承开始后，继承人放弃继承的，应当在遗产处理前，作出放
弃继承的表示。没有表示的，视为接受继承。
受遗赠人应当在知道受遗赠后两个月内，作出接受或者放弃受遗赠的表示。
到期没有表示的，视为放弃受遗赠。
第二十六条 夫妻在婚姻关系存续期间所得的共同所有的财产，除有约定的
以外，如果分割遗产，应当先将共同所有的财产的一半分出为配偶所有，其余的
为被继承人的遗产。
遗产在家庭共有财产之中的，遗产分割时，应当先分出他人的财产。
第二十七条 有下列情形之一的，遗产中的有关部分按照法定继承办理：
（一）遗嘱继承人放弃继承或者受遗赠人放弃受遗赠的；
（二）遗嘱继承人丧失继承权的；
（三）遗嘱继承人、受遗赠人先于遗嘱人死亡的；
（四）遗嘱无效部分所涉及的遗产；
（五）遗嘱未处分的遗产。
第二十八条 遗产分割时，应当保留胎儿的继承份额。胎儿出生时是死体的
，保留的份额按照法定继承办理。
第二十九条 遗产分割应当有利于生产和生活需要，不损害遗产的效用。
不宜分割的遗产，可以采取折价、适当补偿或者共有等方法处理。
第三十条 夫妻一方死亡后另一方再婚的，有权处分所继承的财产，任何人
不得干涉。
第三十一条 公民可以与扶养人签订遗赠扶养协议。按照协议，扶养人承担
该公民生养死葬的义务，享有受遗赠的权利。
公民可以与集体所有制组织签订遗赠扶养协议。按照协议，集体所有制组织
承担该公民生养死葬的义务，享有受遗赠的权利。
第三十二条 无人继承又无人受遗赠的遗产，归国家所有；死者生前是集体
所有制组织成员的，归所在集体所有制组织所有。
第三十三条 继承遗产应当清偿被继承人依法应当缴纳的税款和债务，缴纳
税款和清偿债务以他的遗产实际价值为限。超过遗产实际价值部分，继承人自愿
偿还的不在此限。
继承人放弃继承的，对被继承人依法应当缴纳的税款和债务可以不负偿还责
任。
第三十四条 执行遗赠不得妨碍清偿遗赠人依法应当缴纳的税款和债务。
第五章 附 则
第三十五条 民族自治地方的人民代表大会可以根据本法的原则，结合当地
民族财产继承的具体情况，制定变通的或者补充的规定。自治区的规定，报全国
人民代表大会常务委员会备案。自治州、自治县的规定，报省或者自治区的人民
代表大会常务委员会批准后生效，并报全国人民代表大会常务委员会备案。
第三十六条 中国公民继承在中华人民共和国境外的遗产或者继承在中华人
民共和国境内的外国人的遗产，动产适用被继承人住所地法律，不动产适用不动
产所在地法律。
外国人继承在中华人民共和国境内的遗产或者继承在中华人民共和国境外的
中国公民的遗产，动产适用被继承人住所地法律，不动产适用不动产所在地法律
。
中华人民共和国与外国订有条约、协定的，按照条约、协定办理。
第三十七条 本法自一九八五年十月一日起施行。
LAW OF SUCCESSION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华
人民共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.This English
document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THEPEOPLE'S
REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)which
is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the StateC
ouncil of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the Ch
inaLegal System Publishing House.In case of discrepancy, the original
version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)LAW OF SUCCESSION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPU
BLIC OF CHINA(Adopted at the Third Session of the Sixth National
People'sCongress, promulgated by Order No. 24 of the President of
the People'sRepublic of China on April 10, 1985, and effective as of
October 1, 1985)
ContentsChapter I General ProvisionsChapter II Statutory
SuccessionChapter III Testamentary Succession and LegacyChapter IV
Disposition of the EstateChapter V Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General ProvisionsArticle 1This Law is enacted pursua
nt to the provisions of the Constitution of thePeople's Republic of C
hina with a view to protecting the right of citizensto inherit private
property.Article 2Succession begins at the death of a citizen.Article
3Estate denotes the lawful property owned by a citizen personally a
t thetime of his death, which consists of:(1) his income;(2) his hous
es, savings and articles of everyday use;(3) his forest trees, livesto
ck and poultry;(4) his cultural objects, books and reference materials
;(5) means of production lawfully owned by him;(6) his property rights
pertaining to copyright and patent rights; and (7)his other lawful pr
operty.Article 4Personal benefits accruing from a contract entered int
o by an individualare heritable in accordance with the provisions of
this Law. Contractingby an individual, if permitted by law to be co
ntinued by the successor,shall be treated in accordance with the te
rms of the contract.Article 5Succession shall, after its opening, be h
andled in accordance with theprovisions of statutory succession; w
here a will exists, it shall behandled in accordance with testam
entary succession or as legacy; wherethere is an agreement for leg
acy in return for support, the former shallbe handled in accordance
with the terms of the agreement.Article 6The right to inheritance or
legacy of a competent person shall beexercised on his behalf b
y his statutory agent.The right to inheritance or legacy of a person w
ith limited capacity shallbe exercised on his behalf by his statutor
y agent or by such personhimself after obtaining the consent of h
is statutory agent.Article 7A successor shall be disinherited upon his
commission of any one of thefollowing acts:(1) intentional killing
of the decedent;(2) killing any other successor in fighting over the
estate;(3) a serious act of abandoning or maltreating the decedent; or
(4) a serious act of forging, tampering with or destroying the will.Ar
ticle 8The time limit for institution of legal proceedings pertaining
to disputesover the right to inheritance is two years, counting from
the day thesuccessor became or should have become aware of the vio
lation of his rightto inheritance. No legal proceedings, however, may
be instituted after theexpiration of a period of 20 years from the day
succession began.
Chapter II Statutory SuccessionArticle 9Males and females are e
qual in their right to inheritance.Article 10The estate of the deceden
t shall be inherited in the following order:First in order: spouse, ch
ildren, parents.Second in order: brothers and sisters, paternal gra
ndparents, maternalgrandparents. When succession opens, the succes
sor(s) first in ordershall inherit to the exclusion of the successo
r(s) second in order. Thesuccessor(s) second in order shall inherit
in default of any successorfirst in order.The "children" referred
to in this Law include legitimate children,illegitimate childr
en and adopted children, as well as step-children whosupported or we
re supported by the decedent.The "parents" referred to in this Law inc
lude natural parents and adoptiveparents, as well as step-parents who
supported or were supported by thedecedent.The "brothers and sister
s" referred to in this Law include blood brothersand sisters, brother
s and sisters of half blood, adopted brothers andsisters, as well
as step-brothers and step-sisters who supported or weresupported by
the decedent.Article 11Where a decedent survived his child, the direc
t lineal descendants of thepredeceased child inherit in subrogation
. Descendants who inherit insubrogation generally shall take only
the share of the estate their fatheror mother was entitled to.Article
12Widowed daughters-in-law or sons-in-law who have made the predo
minantcontributions in maintaining their parents-in-law shall, in re
lationshipto their parents-in-law, be regarded as successors first in
order.Article 13Successors same in order shall, in general, inherit in
equal shares.At the time of distributing the estate, due consideratio
n shall be givento successors who are unable to work and hav
e special financialdifficulties.At the time of distributing the es
tate, successors who have made thepredominant contributions in ma
intaining the decedent or have lived withthe decedent may be given a
larger share.At the time of distributing the estate, successors who h
ad the ability andwere in a position to maintain the decedent but fai
led to fulfil theirduties shall be given no share or a smaller shar
e of the estate.Successors may take unequal shares if an agreement
to that effect isreached among them.Article 14An appropriate share
of the estate may be given to a person, other than asuccessor, who de
pended on the support of the decedent and who neither canwork nor has
a source of income, or to a person, other than a successor,who was l
argely responsible for supporting the decedent.Article 15Questions pe
rtaining to succession should be dealt with throughconsultat
ion by and among the successors in the spirit of mutualunder
standing and mutual accommodation, as well as of amity and unity. Thet
ime and mode for partitioning the estate and the shares shall be deci
dedby the successors through consultation. If no agreement is reached
throughconsultation, they may apply to a People's Mediation Com
mittee formediation or institute legal proceedings in a people's cour
t.
Chapter III Testamentary Succession and LegacyArticle 16A citiz
en may, by means of a will made in accordance with the provisionsof
this Law, dispose of the property he owns and may appoint
atestamentary executor for the purpose. A citizen may, by making a
will,designate one or more of the statutory successors to inherit his
personalproperty.A citizen may, by making a will, donate his personal
property to the stateor a collective, or bequeath it to persons o
ther than the statutorysuccessors.Article 17A notarial will is one
made by a testator through a notary agency.A testator-written will is
one made in the testator's own handwriting andsigned by him, specifyi
ng the date of its making.A will written on behalf of the testator sha
ll be witnessed by two or morewitnesses, of whom one writes the will,
dates it and signs it along withthe other witness or witnesses and w
ith the testator.A will made in the form of a sound-recording shall be
witnessed by two ormore witnesses.A testator may, in an emergency si
tuation, make a nuncupative will, whichshall be witnessed by two or m
ore witnesses. When the emergency situationis over and if the testato
r is able to make a will in writing or in theform of a sound-record
ing, the nuncupative will he has made shall beinvalidated.Articl
e 18None of the following persons shall act as a witness of a will:(1)
persons with no capacity or with limited capacity;(2) successors and
legatees; or(3) persons whose interests are related to those of the
successors andlegatees.Article 19Reservation of a necessary portion
of an estate shall be made in a willfor a successor who neither can
work nor has a source of income.Article 20A testator may revoke or al
ter a will he previously made.Where several wills that have been made
conflict with one another incontent, the last one shall prevail.
A notarial will may not be revoked or altered by a testator-written w
ill,a will written on behalf of the testator, a will in the form of a
sound-recording or a nuncupative will.Article 21Where there are obli
gations attached to testamentary succession or legacy,the successor or
legatee shall perform them. Anyone who fails to performthe obligati
ons without proper reasons may, upon request by a relevantorganiza
tion or individual, entail nullification of his right toinhe
ritance by a people's court.Article 22Wills made by persons with no ca
pacity or with limited capacity shall bevoid. Wills shall manifest
the genuine intention of the testators; thosemade under duress or as
a result of fraud shall be void.Forged wills shall be void.Where a wil
l has been tampered with, the affected parts of it shall bevoid.
Chapter IV Disposition of the EstateArticle 23After the opening
of succession, a successor who has knowledge of thedeath should
promptly notify the other successors and the testamentaryexecutor.
If one of the successors knows about the death or if there is noway t
o make the notification, the organization to which the decedentb
elonged before his death or the residents' committee or village
rs'committee at his place of residence shall make the notification.Art
icle 24Anyone who has in his possession the property of the decedent
shall takegood care of such property and no one is allowed to misappr
opriate it orcontend for it.Article 25A successor who, after the ope
ning of succession, disclaims inheritanceshould make known his deci
sion before the disposition of the estate. Inthe absence of such an
indication, he is deemed to have accepted theinheritance.A lega
tee should, within two months from the time he learns of the legacy,ma
ke known whether he accepts it or disclaims it. In the absence of su
chan indication within the specified period, he is deemed to have disc
laimedthe legacy.Article 26If a decedent's estate is partitioned, half
of the joint property acquiredby the spouses in the course of their
matrimonial life shall, unlessotherwise agreed upon, be first all
otted to the surviving spouse as his orher own property; the remainder
shall constitute the decedent's estate.If the decedent's estate is a
component part of the common property of hisfamily, that portion of th
e property belonging to the other members of thefamily shall first be
separated at the time of the partitioning of thedecedent's estate.
Article 27Under any of the following circumstances, the part of the es
tate affectedshall be dealt with in accordance with statutory success
ion:(1) where inheritance is disclaimed by a testamentary successor
or thelegacy is disclaimed by a legatee;(2) where a testamentary suc
cessor is disinherited;(3) where a testamentary successor or legatee p
redeceases the testator;(4) where an invalidated portion of the will i
nvolves part of the estate;or(5) where no disposition is made under th
e will for part of the estate.Article 28At the time of the partitionin
g of the estate, reservation shall be madefor the share of an unborn
child. The share reserved shall, if the baby isstillborn, be dealt wi
th in accordance with statutory succession.Article 29The partitioning
of a decedent's estate shall be conducted in a waybeneficial to
the requirements of production and livelihood; it shall notdiminish
the usefulness of the estate.If the estate is unsuitable for partition
ing, it may be disposed of bysuch means as price evaluation, appro
priate compensation or co-ownership.Article 30A surviving spouse who r
emarries is entitled to dispose of the property heor she has inherited
, subject to no interference by any other person.Article 31A citizen m
ay enter into a legacy-support agreement with a person who, inaccorda
nce with the agreement, assumes the duty to support the former inhis
or her lifetime and attends to his or her interment after death, i
nreturn for the right to legacy. A citizen may enter into a legacy-su
pportagreement with an organization under collective ownership w
hich, inaccordance with the agreement, assumes the duty to support th
e former inhis or her lifetime and attends to his or her interment
after death, inreturn for the right to legacy.Article 32An estate wh
ich is left with neither a successor nor a legatee shallbelong t
o the state or, where the decedent was a member of an organizationunde
r collective ownership before his or her death, to such an
organization.Article 33The successor to an estate shall pay all taxes
and debts payable by thedecedent according to law, up to the actual
value of such estate, unlessthe successor pays voluntarily in exces
s of the limit.The successor who disclaims inheritance assumes no resp
onsibility for thepayment of taxes and debts payable by the decedent
according to law.Article 34The carrying out of a legacy shall not affe
ct the payment of taxes anddebts payable by the legator according
to law.
Chapter V Supplementary ProvisionsArticle 35The people's congre
ss of a national autonomous area may, in accordancewith the princi
ples of this Law and the actual practices of the localnationality
or nationalities with regard to property inheritance, enactadaptiv
e or supplementary provisions. Provisions made by autonomousreg
ions shall be reported to the Standing Committee of the Nationa
lPeople's Congress for the record. Provisions made by auton
omousprefectures or autonomous counties shall become effective aft
er beingreported to and approved by the standing committee of
the people'scongress of the relevant province or autonomous regio
n and shall bereported to the Standing Committee of the National Pe
ople's Congress forthe record.Article 36For inheritance by a Chinese
citizen of an estate outside the People'sRepublic of China or of
an estate of a foreigner within the People'sRepublic of China, t
he law of the place of domicile of the decedent shallapply in the cas
e of movable property; in the case of immovable property,the law of t
he place where the property is located shall apply. Forinherita
nce by a foreigner of an estate within the People's Republic ofChin
a or of an estate of a Chinese citizen outside the People's Republic
of China, the law of the place of domicile of the decedent shall apply
inthe case of movable property; in the case of immovable property,
the lawof the place where the property is located shall apply. Where
treaties oragreements exist between the People's Republic of Chi
na and foreigncountries, matters of inheritance shall be handled in
accordance with suchtreaties or agreements.Article 37This Law shall go
into effect as of October 1, 1985.
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