发信人: roy_young(金陵二胡)
整理人: roy_young(2001-09-13 04:11:38), 站内信件
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18. hand-me-down：這是指家人穿過的衣褲，傳給其他親人使用。(second-handed or used clothes are given to other family members) 例如：
She gave many hand-me-downs to her relatives. (她給她親人很多穿過的衣服)
Hand-me-downs are the norm in a large family. (在大家庭裡，送給親人舊衣衫算是一種習俗。)
She wore her sister's many hand-me-downs until she turned 16. (她穿她姐妹的舊衣服一直到她 16 歲)
註：hand-me-down(s) 多半指舊衣服，舊鞋子等，但也可指其他生活上家用的舊東西 。例如：
The Salvation Army sells all kinds of hand-me-downs. (救世軍出售各種舊東西。)
19. carrot and stick(proposal)：這是指「軟硬兼施」的政策，通常用在外交方面。也就是胡蘿蔔 (是甜的) 和大棒子 (是硬的) (use tough and soft approach, usually in foreign affairs) 例如：
American foreign policy tends to use a carrot and stick approach toward other countries. (美國對其他國家的外交政策趨向使用軟硬兼施)
Diplomats use a carrot and stick method when dealing with other nations. (當對付其他國家時，外交人員使用軟硬兼施的方法。)
20. root canal：意思是痛苦或不好的經驗(painful or bad experience) (就像牙根管填充手術那樣的疼痛) 例如：
This job is just as bad as a root canal. (這個工作真痛苦)
To recount millions of votes by hand will be just like having a root canal. (重新用手計算數百萬的選票，是件十分費力的事情。)
當然也可以指真正的牙根管填充的手術；例如：
The dentist performed a root canal for his patient. (牙醫師為他的病人做了一次牙管填充的手術)
(註：“root canal”通常只用單數，也許因為動牙根手術或痛苦經驗，不會同時多次發生吧！)
21. May-December romance：這是指年輕女人(或男人) 與年老的男人 (或女人) 相愛，甚至結婚成為夫妻。(young man or woman falls in love with old woman or man; sometimes leading to marriage）(這與“to rob the cradle”意思相似）例如：
A 65-year-old professor had a May-December romance with his 25-year-old student. (一位65歲的教授與25歲的學生相愛)
A May-December romance sometimes turns out to be a perfect match. (年輕與年老的相戀，有時成為美好的一對。)
What do you think of May-December romances? (你對年輕與年老的相愛看法為何？)
註：雖然 romance 也會導致 marriage，但一般不說：“May-December marriage”
This old man has robbed the cradle. (這老人與年輕女子相戀)（也就是「搶走」年輕女子)
22. pencil pusher：這是指坐辦公室的人，或不需要動勞力的人(someone works behind the desk without having to do physical labor) 例如：
The pencil pusher does not break out a sweat. (坐辦公室的人不必流汗) (to break out a sweat 指出汗的勞力“manual labor”)
All the colleagues in my department are (white collared) pencil pushers. (我系裡所有同事都是坐辦公室的白領階級)
(注意：通常不說：pen pusher)
23. tough cookie：這是指堅持己見，絕不讓步的人或不能讓人佔一點便宜的人。(invincible, unconquerable ＆ strong person; nobody can cheat, bother or make a fool of him or her; not give any ground) 例如：
She owns a seedy bar and she believes she is a tough cookie. (她擁有一個破舊的酒吧，她認為自己是個堅強的女人。) (因為可以處理意外的事故)
In business dealings, he has been a tough cookie. (處理生意的事，他是一位不易讓步的人。)
Some tough cookies can not get along well with others. (一些堅持己見，意志頑強的人，不易與人相處。)
24. fender-bender：這是指小小的車禍；諸如車子被擦傷或有損壞的跡象。(minor car accident) 例如：
Her insurance company will not cover the cost of her recent fender-bender. (她的保險公司不賠償她最近的小小車禍損失）
In the large city, fender-benders are common occurances. (在大城市裡，小車禍是常常發生的。)
Usually injuries do not occur during a fender bender. (通常小小車禍是不會傷人的。)
(fender-bender 或 fender bender 均可)
25. curtain call：意思是演員們的最後謝幕。(a final good-bye at the end of the show) 例如：
The cast was all ready for the final curtain call. (全體演員準備好謝幕）(cast = actors in a play)
Some shows provide the audience with many curtain calls. (有的演員向觀眾行多次的謝幕) (因為鼓掌不停）
但是 casting call 又是指電影公司找人參加拍電影 (try to find people to participate in the movie) 例如：
The casting call needs 200 extras and potential actors.（招募演員公司需要200名臨時幕後演員及有潛力的未來演員）
(extra 就是 background performer)
The casting call will recruit some hollywood hopefuls. (招募演員單位要為好萊塢找些未來的明星)
(hopeful 當名詞用，指將來有希望的演員 = would-be actor)（全文完）
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