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Red hat 6 配置实例 |
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作者:未知 来源:月光软件站 加入时间:2005-2-28 月光软件站 |
Red hat 6 配置实例 2000-12-25 16:26 |
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作者:李家芳 ([email protected])
以下是我使用Red hat 6.0的一些笔记,与大家分享。
使用APACHE提供虚拟主机WEB SERVER ------------------------------------- 1. 先把主机配置为多主址, 在X下运行linuxconf命令: 在Server栏下配置virtual host, 选定网卡eth0, 配置其IP和MASK. 原始IP:192.168.0.241 掩码 :255.255.255.0
Virtual host IP Mask ------------------------------------------ 192.168.0.242 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.243 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.244 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.245 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.246 255.255.255.0
2. 编辑/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf文件, 在最后加入:
DocumentRoot /home/httpd/html/241/Hardware.AIX ServerName bbs1.ttsc.hl.cn
DocumentRoot /home/httpd/html/242/Networking.AIX ServerName bbs2.ttsc.hl.cn
DocumentRoot /home/httpd/html/243/Security.AIX ServerName bbs3.ttsc.hl.cn
DocumentRoot /home/httpd/html/244/Unix.AIX ServerName bbs4.ttsc.hl.cn
DocumentRoot /home/httpd/html/245/WinNT.AIX ServerName bbs5.ttsc.hl.cn
DocumentRoot /home/httpd/html/246/XWindow.AIX ServerName bbs6.ttsc.hl.cn
3. 建立目录, 拷入WEB文档.
mkdir /home/httpd/html/241/Hardware.AIX mkdir /home/httpd/html/242/Networking.AIX mkdir /home/httpd/html/243/Security.AIX mkdir /home/httpd/html/244/Unix.AIX mkdir /home/httpd/html/245/WinNT.AIX mkdir /home/httpd/html/246/XWindow.AIX
4. 重新启动httpd服务. /usr/sbin/httpd stop /usr/sbin/httpd start
5. OK, 现在可以在其他机器上访问 http://192.168.0.241/ http://192.168.0.242/ http://192.168.0.243/ http://192.168.0.244/ http://192.168.0.245/ http://192.168.0.246/
================================================================
在REDHAT6.0上配置DHCP服务 =====================================
条件: --------- 子网掩码: 255.255.255.0 租借地址: 192.168.0.181 ~ 192.168.0.190 192.168.0.201 ~ 192.168.0.220 固定IP: 192.168.0.188 ~ 08:00:2b:4c:59:23 缺省网关: 192.168.0.254 DNS地址: 202.97.227.93, 192.168.0.241
建立步骤如下: =================
安装DHCPD服务程序: ------------------------- 可以到下面的网址取得
ftp://ftp.isc.org/isc/dhcp/
在你下载之後,你必须将它解开。然後进入解开的目录,输入:
./configure
要做好安装前设定,可能要会花点时间。後随输入:
make
以及
make install
校验核心: --------------- 请输入 ifconfig -a,你将看到如下的讯息:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
eth0 Link encap:10Mbps Ethernet HWaddr 00:C0:4F:D3:C4:62 inet addr:183.217.19.43 Bcast:183.217.19.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:2875542 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 TX packets:218647 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 Interrupt:11 Base address:0x210
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
如果未显示 MULTICAST 的讯息,你应该重新设定你的核心,加入对“多址传播(multicast)” 的支援。 对於大多数的系统而言,你几乎都不必如此做。
需要加入动态路由: --------------------- 输入:
route add -host 255.255.255.255 dev eth0
如果你看到如下的讯息
"255.255.255.255: Unknown host"
你应该将下面的资讯加入到 /etc/hosts 档案中:
255.255.255.255 all-ones
然後,输入:
route add -host all-ones dev eth0
或
route add -net 255.255.255.0 dev eth0
eth0 应该是你目前使用网路卡的装置名称。如果不是,你得配合实际情况做正确的修改。
需要配置文件: ---------------------- /etc/dhcpd.conf /etc/dhcpd.leases 初次配置只需建立文件名(内部为空), 当有客户租用时 系统自动写入租用记录;
调试命令: ----------------------------- /usr/sbin/dhcpd 停止DHCP服务; /usr/sbin/dhcpd 启动DHCP服务; /usr/sbin/dhcpd -d -f 启动并放到前台调试;
在/etc下配置dhcpd.conf文件如下: ----------------------------------------------------------------------- [root@lee2 /etc]# more dhcpd.conf default-lease-time 6000; max-lease-time 72000; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; option broadcast-address 192.168.0.255; option routers 192.168.0.254; option domain-name-servers 202.97.227.93, 192.168.0.241; option domain-name "ttsc.hl.cn";
subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { range 192.168.0.181 192.168.0.190; range 192.168.0.201 192.168.0.220; }
#fix ip host haagen { hardware ethernet 08:00:2b:4c:59:23; fixed-address 192.168.0.188; } -----------------------------------------------------------------------====================================================================
在REDHAT6.0上配置DNS服务 =========================
条件: ----------------- 服务器: lee2.ttsc.hl.cn 192.168.0.241 OS: Redhat6.0 网段: 192.168.0 域名: ttsc.hl.cn 邮件服务器: lee2.ttsc.hl.cn ftp服务器: xiu.ttsc.hl.cn www服务器: lee2.ttsc.hl.cn 主机: xiu 192.168.0.155 lee 192.168.0.170 zq 192.168.0.128 lee2 192.168.0.241 madi 192.168.0.108
需配置文件: --------------------- /etc/named.boot /etc/named.conf /var/named/db.ttsc /var/named/db.192.168.0
缺省文件(不需修改): ----------------------- /var/named/named.ca /var/named/named.local
若服务器自身也使用自己做解析,则配置文件: ------------------------------------------ /etc/resolv.conf
调试命令: -------------------- /usr/sbin/ndc start 启动DNS服务; /usr/sbin/ndc stop 停止DNS服务; /usr/sbin/ndc reload 刷新数据库数据;
配置文件清单: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ [root@lee2 /etc]# more named.boot ; ; a caching only nameserver config ; directory /var/named cache . named.ca primary 0.0.127.in-addr.arpa named.local primary ttsc.hl.cn db.ttsc primary 0.168.192.in-addr.arpa db.192.168.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ [root@lee2 /etc]# more named.conf options { directory "/var/named"; }; zone "." { type hint; file "named.ca"; }; zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa"{ type master; file "named.local"; }; zone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa"{ type master; file "db.192.168.0"; }; zone "ttsc.hl.cn"{ type master; file "db.ttsc"; }; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ [root@lee2 named]# more named.local @ IN SOA localhost. root.localhost. ( 1997022700 ; serial 28800 ; refresh 14400 ; retry 3600000 ; expire 86400 ; default_ttl ) @ IN NS localhost. 1 IN PTR localhost. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ [root@lee2 named]# more db.ttsc @ IN SOA lee2.ttsc.hl.cn. root.lee2.ttsc.hl.cn. ( 2000082014; serial 28800 ; refresh 14400 ; retry 3600000 ; expire 86400 ; default_ttl ) NS lee2.ttsc.hl.cn. MX 10 lee2.ttsc.hl.cn.
localhost A 127.0.0.1 lee2 A 192.168.0.241 lee A 192.168.0.170 xiu A 192.168.0.155 zq A 192.168.0.128 madi A 192.168.0.109
mail MX 10 lee2.ttsc.hl.cn.
www CNAME lee2.ttsc.hl.cn. ftp CNAME xiu.ttsc.hl.cn. ns CNAME lee2.ttsc.hl.cn. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [root@lee2 named]# more db.192.168.0 @ IN SOA lee2.ttsc.hl.cn. root.lee2.ttsc.hl.cn. ( 2000082014; serial 28800 ; refresh 14400 ; retry 3600000 ; expire 86400 ; default_ttl ) NS lee2.ttsc.hl.cn.
241 IN PTR lee2.ttsc.hl.cn. 170 IN PTR lee.ttsc.hl.cn. 155 IN PTR xiu.ttsc.hl.cn. 128 IN PTR zq.ttsc.hl.cn. 109 IN PTR madi.ttsc.hl.cn. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [root@lee2 /etc]# more resolv.conf search ttsc.hl.cn # nameserver 202.97.227.93 # nameserver 202.97.224.68 nameserver 192.168.0.241 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ======================================================================
在REDHAT6.0上配置Sendmail服务 =============================
条件: ----------------- 服务器: lee2.ttsc.hl.cn 192.168.0.241 OS: Redhat6.0 网段: 192.168.0 域名: ttsc.hl.cn 邮件服务器: lee2.ttsc.hl.cn email用户帐号:Soldier, 别名Duke email地址:[email protected]
需建立帐号: --------------------- 使用useradd命令创建用户的email帐号: # usr/sbin/useradd -g mail -n soldier # passwd soldier
需配置文件: --------------------- /etc/sendmail.cw /etc/aliases /etc/mail/access /etc/inetd.conf /etc/services
缺省文件(不需修改): ----------------------- /etc/sendmail.mc /etc/sendmial.cf
应保证在DNS服务器中有邮件主机的ENTRY: ------------------------------------------ lee2.ttsc.hl.cn
调试命令: -------------------- 修改POP3的影子服务(/etc/inetd.conf)和端口(/etc/services)以后,应重新启动inetd.
修改EMAIL帐号的别名(/etc/aliases)以后,应使用newaliases命令编译: # newaliases
修改邮件服务器的别名(/etc/sendmail.cw)以及其他改动以后,应重启动sendmail服务: # /etc/rc.d/init.d/sendmail restart
配置文件清单: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ [root@lee2 /etc]# more sendmail.cw # sendmail.cw - include all aliases for your machine here. #该邮件服务器的所有DNS名称。 ttsc.hl.cn lee2.ttsc.hl.cn
----------------------------------------------------------------------- 所有EMAIL帐号的别名:
[root@lee2 /etc]# more aliases # # @(#)aliases 8.2 (Berkeley) 3/5/94 # # Aliases in this file will NOT be expanded in the header from # Mail, but WILL be visible over networks or from /bin/mail. # # >>>>>>>>>> The program "newaliases" must be run after # >> NOTE >> this file is updated for any changes to # >>>>>>>>>> show through to sendmail. #
# Basic system aliases -- these MUST be present. MAILER-DAEMON: postmaster postmaster: root
如果希望邮给[email protected]的邮件被转发到[email protected]则加入 以下记录,否则不加。 Soldier: [email protected] 如希望邮给[email protected]的邮件被转发到[email protected]则加入 以下记录,否则不加。 Duke: Soldier
# General redirections for pseudo accounts. bin: root daemon: root (以下略) ----------------------------------------------------------------------- [root@lee2 mail]# more access # Check the /usr/doc/sendmail-8.9.3/README.cf file for a description # of the format of this file. (search for access_db in that file) # The /usr/doc/sendmail-8.9.3/README.cf is part of the sendmail-doc # package. # # by default we allow relaying from localhost... localhost.localdomain RELAY localhost RELAY # 加入可以通过本邮件服务器收发邮件的客户的IP:以下为允许该网段上的所有计算机。 192.168.0 RELAY ----------------------------------------------------------------------- [root@lee2 /etc]# more inetd.conf # # inetd.conf This file describes the services that will be available # through the INETD TCP/IP super server. To re-configure # the running INETD process, edit this file, then send the # INETD process a SIGHUP signal. # (中间略) # Pop and imap mail services et al # #pop-2 stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd ipop2d # 确定运行POP3影子服务程序: pop-3 stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd ipop3d #imap stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd imapd # # The Internet UUCP service. # #uucp stream tcp nowait uucp /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/lib/uucp/uucico
-l # (以下略) ----------------------------------------------------------------------- [root@lee2 /etc]# more services # /etc/services: # $Id: services,v 1.4 1997/05/20 19:41:21 tobias Exp $ # # Network services, Internet style # (中间略) # unfortunately the poppassd (Eudora) uses a port which has already # been assigned to a different service. We list the poppassd as an # alias here. This should work for programs asking for this service. # (due to a bug in inetd the 3com-tsmux line is disabled) #3com-tsmux 106/tcp poppassd #3com-tsmux 106/udp poppassd rtelnet 107/tcp # Remote Telnet rtelnet 107/udp pop-2 109/tcp postoffice # POP version 2 pop-2 109/udp # 确保POP3端口开放: pop-3 110/tcp # POP version 3 pop-3 110/udp sunrpc 111/tcp portmapper # RPC 4.0 portmapper TCP sunrpc 111/udp portmapper # RPC 4.0 portmapper UDP auth 113/tcp authentication tap ident sftp 115/tcp uucp-path 117/tcp (以下略) -----------------------------------------------------------------------=======================================================================
samba -------------------------------------
在/etc/services中, netbios-ns 137/tcp 137/udp; netbios-dgm 138/tcp 138/udp; netbios-ssn 139/tcp 139/udp;
启动相关进程: /usr/sbin/smbd -D /usr/sbin/nmbd -D
配置文件: /etc/smb.conf
配置文件语法检查: /usr/bin/testparm smb.conf
用户及口令文件: /etc/smbpasswd
添加用户和口令: /usr/bin/smbpasswd -a username
测试自身服务: smbclient -L localhost -U%
浏览其他机器: smbclient -L servername
访问其他机器共享资源:如访问\\wangpeng\siguo smbclient //wangpeng/siguo
测试网络: nmblookup -d 2 *
测试WINS: smbclient -L server -R wins
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