本文根据Ian F. Darwin的《Java Cookbook》整理而成,原书用整章的文字介绍如何发邮件,可能头绪会比较乱,本文则将其浓缩成一篇文章,力求使完全不懂JavaMail的人,都可以根据文中指示稍作修改,拿来就可以用。如果对其中原理还有不清楚,你可以参考原书。 一、首先要用到三个java文件: 1.MailConstants.java,properties文件的助记符: /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// package untitled2; /** Simply a list of names for the Mail System to use. * If you "implement" this interface, you don't have to prefix * all the names with MailProps in your code. */ public interface MailConstants { public static final String PROPS_FILE_NAME = "MailClient.properties"; public static final String SEND_PROTO = "Mail.send.protocol"; public static final String SEND_USER = "Mail.send.user"; public static final String SEND_PASS = "Mail.send.password"; public static final String SEND_ROOT = "Mail.send.root"; public static final String SEND_HOST = "Mail.send.host"; public static final String SEND_DEBUG = "Mail.send.debug"; public static final String RECV_PROTO = "Mail.receive.protocol"; public static final String RECV_PORT = "Mail.receive.port"; public static final String RECV_USER = "Mail.receive.user"; public static final String RECV_PASS = "Mail.receive.password"; public static final String RECV_ROOT = "Mail.receive.root"; public static final String RECV_HOST = "Mail.receive.host"; public static final String RECV_DEBUG = "Mail.receive.debug"; } /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 2.FileProperties.java,从文件中读取properties: /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// package untitled2; import java.io.*; import java.util.*; /** * The <CODE>FileProperties</CODE> class extends <CODE>Properties</CODE>, * "a persistent set of properties [that] can be saved to a stream * or loaded from a stream". This subclass attends to all the mundane * details of opening the Stream(s) for actually saving and loading * the Properties. * * <P>This subclass preserves the useful feature that * a property list can contain another property list as its * "defaults"; this second property list is searched if * the property key is not found in the original property list. * * @author Ian F. Darwin, [email protected] * @version $Id: FileProperties.java,v 1.5 2001/04/28 13:22:37 ian Exp $ */ public class FileProperties extends Properties { protected String fileName = null; /** * Construct a FileProperties given a fileName. * @param loadsaveFileName the progerties file name * @throws IOException */ public FileProperties(String loadsaveFileName) throws IOException { super(); fileName = loadsaveFileName; load(); } /** Construct a FileProperties given a fileName and * a list of default properties. * @param loadsaveFileName the properties file name * @param defProp the default properties * @throws IOException */ public FileProperties(String loadsaveFileName, Properties defProp) throws IOException { super(defProp); fileName = loadsaveFileName; load(); } /** The InputStream for loading */ protected InputStream inStr = null; /** The OutputStream for loading */ protected OutputStream outStr = null; /** Load the properties from the saved filename. * If that fails, try again, tacking on the .properties extension * @throws IOException */ public void load() throws IOException { try { if (inStr == null) { inStr = new FileInputStream(fileName); } } catch (FileNotFoundException fnf) { if (!fileName.endsWith(".properties")) { inStr = new FileInputStream(fileName + ".properties"); // If we succeeded, remember it: fileName += ".properties"; } else { // It did end with .properties and failed, re-throw exception. throw fnf; } } // now message the superclass code to load the file. load(inStr); } /** Save the properties for later loading. * * @throws IOException */ public void save() throws IOException { if (outStr == null) { outStr = new FileOutputStream(fileName); } // Get the superclass to do most of the work for us. store(outStr, "# Written by FileProperties.save() at " + new Date()); } public void close() { try { if (inStr != null) { inStr.close(); } if (outStr != null) { outStr.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { // don't care } } } /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 3.Mailer.java,将javamail发邮件的部分进行封装: /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// package untitled2; import java.util.*; import java.io.*; import javax.mail.*; import javax.mail.internet.*; import javax.activation.*; public class Mailer { /** The javamail session object. */ protected Session session; /** The sender's email address */ protected String from; /** The subject of the message. */ protected String subject; /** The recipient ("To:"), as Strings. */ protected ArrayList toList = new ArrayList(); /** The CC list, as Strings. */ protected ArrayList ccList = new ArrayList(); /** The BCC list, as Strings. */ protected ArrayList bccList = new ArrayList(); /** The text of the message. */ protected String body; /** The SMTP relay host */ protected String mailHost; /** The accessories list, as Strings.*/ protected ArrayList accessories = new ArrayList(); /** The verbosity setting */ protected boolean verbose; /** Get from * @return where the mail from */ public String getFrom() { return from; } /** Set from * @param fm where the mail from */ public void setFrom(String fm) { from = fm; } /** Get subject * @return the mail subject */ public String getSubject() { return subject; } /** Set subject * @param subj the mail subject */ public void setSubject(String subj) { subject = subj; } // SETTERS/GETTERS FOR TO: LIST /** Get tolist, as an array of Strings * @return the list of toAddress */ public ArrayList getToList() { return toList; } /** Set to list to an ArrayList of Strings * @param to the list of toAddress */ public void setToList(ArrayList to) { toList = to; } /** Set to as a string like "tom, mary, robin@host". Loses any * previously-set values. * @param s the list of toAddress*/ public void setToList(String s) { toList = tokenize(s); } /** Add one "to" recipient * @param to the toAddress */ public void addTo(String to) { toList.add(to); } // SETTERS/GETTERS FOR CC: LIST /** Get cclist, as an array of Strings * @return the list of ccAddress */ public ArrayList getCcList() { return ccList; } /** Set cc list to an ArrayList of Strings * @param cc the list of ccAddress */ public void setCcList(ArrayList cc) { ccList = cc; } /** Set cc as a string like "tom, mary, robin@host". Loses any * previously-set values. * @param s the list of ccAddress */ public void setCcList(String s) { ccList = tokenize(s); } /** Add one "cc" recipient * @param cc the address of cc */ public void addCc(String cc) { ccList.add(cc); } // SETTERS/GETTERS FOR BCC: LIST /** Get bcclist, as an array of Strings * @return the list of bcc */ public ArrayList getBccList() { return bccList; } /** Set bcc list to an ArrayList of Strings * @param bcc the address of bcc */ public void setBccList(ArrayList bcc) { bccList = bcc; } /** Set bcc as a string like "tom, mary, robin@host". Loses any * previously-set values. * @param s the address of bcc */ public void setBccList(String s) { bccList = tokenize(s); } /** Add one "bcc" recipient * @param bcc the address of bcc */ public void addBcc(String bcc) { bccList.add(bcc); } // SETTER/GETTER FOR MESSAGE BODY /** Get message * @return the mail body */ public String getBody() { return body; } /** Set message * @param text the mail body */ public void setBody(String text) { body = text; } // SETTER/GETTER FOR ACCESSORIES /** Get accessories * @return the arrayList of the accessories */ public ArrayList getAccessories() { return accessories; } /** Set accessories * @param accessories the arrayList of the accessories */ public void setAccessories(ArrayList accessories) { this.accessories = accessories; } // SETTER/GETTER FOR VERBOSITY /** Get verbose * @return verbose */ public boolean isVerbose() { return verbose; } /** Set verbose * @param v the verbose */ public void setVerbose(boolean v) { verbose = v; } /** Check if all required fields have been set before sending. * Normally called e.g., by a JSP before calling doSend. * Is also called by doSend for verification. * @return if complete return true else return false */ public boolean isComplete() { if (from == null || from.length() == 0) { System.err.println("doSend: no FROM"); return false; } if (subject == null || subject.length() == 0) { System.err.println("doSend: no SUBJECT"); return false; } if (toList.size() == 0) { System.err.println("doSend: no recipients"); return false; } if (body == null || body.length() == 0) { System.err.println("doSend: no body"); return false; } if (mailHost == null || mailHost.length() == 0) { System.err.println("doSend: no server host"); return false; } return true; } public void setServer(String s) { mailHost = s; } /** Send the message. * @throws MessagingException */ public synchronized void doSend() throws MessagingException { if (!isComplete()) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( "doSend called before message was complete"); } /** Properties object used to pass props into the MAIL API */ Properties props = new Properties(); props.put("mail.smtp.host", mailHost); // Create the Session object if (session == null) { session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, null); if (verbose) { session.setDebug(true); // Verbose! } } // create a message final Message mesg = new MimeMessage(session); InternetAddress[] addresses; // TO Address list addresses = new InternetAddress[toList.size()]; for (int i = 0; i < addresses.length; i++) { addresses[i] = new InternetAddress( (String) toList.get(i)); } mesg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, addresses); // From Address mesg.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from)); // CC Address list addresses = new InternetAddress[ccList.size()]; for (int i = 0; i < addresses.length; i++) { addresses[i] = new InternetAddress( (String) ccList.get(i)); } mesg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC, addresses); // BCC Address list addresses = new InternetAddress[bccList.size()]; for (int i = 0; i < addresses.length; i++) { addresses[i] = new InternetAddress( (String) bccList.get(i)); } mesg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.BCC, addresses); // The Subject mesg.setSubject(subject); // Now the message body. Multipart mp = new MimeMultipart(); MimeBodyPart mbp = null; mbp = new MimeBodyPart(); mbp.setText(body); mp.addBodyPart(mbp); // Now the accessories. int accessoriesCount = accessories.size(); File f; DataSource ds; String uf; int j; for (int i = 0; i < accessoriesCount; i++) { mbp = new MimeBodyPart(); f = new File( (String) accessories.get(i)); ds = new FileDataSource(f); mbp.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(ds)); j = f.getName().lastIndexOf(File.separator); uf = f.getName().substring(j + 1); mbp.setFileName(uf); mp.addBodyPart(mbp); } mesg.setContent(mp); // Finally, send the message! (use static Transport method) // Do this in a Thread as it sometimes is too slow for JServ // new Thread() { // public void run() { // try { Transport.send(mesg); // } catch (MessagingException e) { // throw new IllegalArgumentException( // "Transport.send() threw: " + e.toString()); // } // } // }.start(); } /** Convenience method that does it all with one call. * @param mailhost - SMTP server host * @param recipient - domain address of email ([email protected]) * @param sender - your email address * @param subject - the subject line * @param message - the entire message body as a String with embedded \n's * @param accessories - the accessories list * @throws MessagingException */ public static void send(String mailhost, String recipient, String sender, String subject, String message, ArrayList accessories) throws MessagingException { Mailer m = new Mailer(); m.setServer(mailhost); m.addTo(recipient); m.setFrom(sender); m.setSubject(subject); m.setBody(message); m.setAccessories(accessories); m.doSend(); } /** Convert a list of addresses to an ArrayList. This will work * for simple names like "tom, [email protected], 123.45@c$.com" * but will fail on certain complex (but RFC-valid) names like * "(Darwin, Ian) <[email protected]>". * Or even "Ian Darwin <[email protected]>". * @param s the string of some list * @return the list after split */ protected ArrayList tokenize(String s) { ArrayList al = new ArrayList(); StringTokenizer tf = new StringTokenizer(s, ","); // For each word found in the line while (tf.hasMoreTokens()) { // trim blanks, and add to list. al.add(tf.nextToken().trim()); } return al; } } /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 二、创建一个properties文件: MailClient.properties: /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// # This file contains my default Mail properties. # # Values for sending [email protected] Mail.send.proto=smtp Mail.send.host=student.zsu.edu.cn Mail.send.debug=true # # Values for receiving Mail.receive.host=student.zsu.edu.cn Mail.receive.protocol=pop3 Mail.receive.user=xx Mail.receive.pass=ASK Mail.receive.root=d:\test /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 三、创建主程序,生成Mailer.java里面的Mailer类的对象,设置参数,发出邮件。 首先import: /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// import java.io.*; import java.util.*; import javax.mail.internet.*; import javax.mail.*; import javax.activation.*; /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 然后用下面的代码完成发送: /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// try { Mailer m = new Mailer(); FileProperties props = new FileProperties(MailConstants.PROPS_FILE_NAME); String serverHost = props.getProperty(MailConstants.SEND_HOST); if (serverHost == null) { System.out.println("\"" + MailConstants.SEND_HOST + "\" must be set in properties"); System.exit(0); } m.setServer(serverHost); String tmp = props.getProperty(MailConstants.SEND_DEBUG); m.setVerbose(tmp != null && tmp.equals("true")); String myAddress = props.getProperty("Mail.address"); if (myAddress == null) { System.out.println("\"Mail.address\" must be set in properties"); System.exit(0); } m.setFrom(myAddress); //以下根据具体情况设置:=============================================== m.setToList("[email protected]");//收件人 m.setCcList("[email protected],[email protected]");//抄送,每个地址用逗号隔开;或者用一个ArrayList的对象作为参数 // m.setBccList(bccTF.getText()); m.setSubject("demo");//主题 // Now copy the text from the Compose TextArea. m.setBody("this is a demo");//正文 // XXX I18N: use setBody(msgText.getText(), charset) ArrayList v=new ArrayList(); v.add("d:\\test.htm"); m.setAccessories(v);//附件 //以上根据具体情况设置================================================= // Finally, send the sucker! m.doSend(); } catch (MessagingException me) { me.printStackTrace(); while ( (me = (MessagingException) me.getNextException()) != null) { me.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println("Mail Sending Error:\n" + me.toString()); } catch (Exception ex) { System.out.println("Mail Sending Error:\n" + ex.toString()); } ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

|