作者：未知 来源：月光软件站 加入时间：2005-2-28　月光软件站

下载安装Tomcat & MySQL

C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 5.0\bin\bootstrap.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.5.0\lib\tools.jar

c:\mysql\bin>mysqld　　　　 //启动mysql的服务进程
c:\mysql\bin\mysql -uroot  //连接到mysql数据库 
　　mysql>update user set password=PASSWORD('<new_root_password>') where user='root'; 
　　mysql>flush privileges; 
　　上面的操作是修改root用户的密码，'<new_root_password>'是你设置的密码。

　　mysql>create database gamedb;　 　　　//创建gamedb库 
　　mysql>connect gamedb;　　　　　　　　  //连接到gamedb库 
　　mysql>source gamedb.sql;　             //gamedb初始化建表 
    mysql>GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, INDEX, ALTER, 
                CREATE, DROP, REFERENCES, LOCK TABLES,
                CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES 
                ON gamedb.* TO gamedb@localhost IDENTIFIED BY '<gamedb_password>'; 
　　mysql>flush privileges; 
　　上面是建立gamedb用户，<gamedb_password>为gamedb用户的密码。 

　　mysql>exit;　　　//退出 

下载MySQL JDBC

安装JDBC

配置Tomcat

假设：数据库：gamedb 用户名：gamedb 密码：gamedb

第一步: http://127.0.0.1:8080，进入tomcat页，用tomcat的 Tomcat Administration--->Resources--->Data Sources页面添加，参数如下：

JNDI Name:         jdbc/mysql
Data Source URL:   jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/gamedb?autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=GB2312
JDBC Driver Class: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
User Name:         gamedb
Password:          gamedb
Max. Active Connections: 4
Max. Idle Connections:   2
Max. Wait for Connection:5000
Validation Query ：//不添 

第二步: 试页内加入代码你自己在mysql里建个表检单测试一下吧，我这里以ght_users表为例，在你的应用下做一个测试用的test.jsp，然后http访问这个jsp页，test.jsp代码如下

<%@ page contentType = "text/html; charset=gb2312" %>
<%@ page import = "java.sql.*" %>
<%@ page import = "javax.naming.*" %>
<%@ page import = "javax.sql.*" %>
<% 
Context ctx=null;
DataSource ds=null;
Connection conn=null;
Statement stmt=null;
ResultSet rs=null;

try{ 
	ctx = new InitialContext();
	if( ctx == null )
		out.println("no context");
	ds = (DataSource) ctx.lookup("java:comp/env/jdbc/mysql");
	if( ds == null )
		out.println("no datasource");
	conn = ds.getConnection();
	stmt = conn.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE,
		ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY);
	String strSql = " select * from ght_users";
	rs = stmt.executeQuery(strSql);
	while(rs.next()){
		out.println(rs.getString(1));
	}
}
catch(Exception ex){
	ex.printStackTrace();
	out.println(ex.toString());
}
finally{
	if( rs != null )
		rs.close();
	if( stmt != null )
		stmt.close();
	if( conn != null)
		conn.close();
	if( ctx != null )
		ctx.close();
}
%> 

常见问题

• Q:出现javax.naming.NameNotFoundException: Name jdbc is not bound in this Context

    <resource-ref>
        <description>jdbc/mysql</description>
        <res-ref-name>jdbc/mysql</res-ref-name>
        <res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
        <res-auth>Container</res-auth>
    </resource-ref>

• Q:出现org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQLNestedException: Cannot create JDBC driver of class '?' for onnect URL 'null'，这是为什么？
  

<ResourceLink name="jdbc/mysql" global="jdbc/mysql" type="javax.sql.DataSourcer"/>

for tomcat-5.0.18 
i use ROOT in tomcat as by web app i put the following entry in E:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.18\conf\Catalina\localhost\ROOT.xml file
for tomcat-4.1.18 
i use ROOT in tomcat as my webapp i put the following entry in E:\qrules\tomcat\jakarta-tomcat-4.1.18\conf\server.xml

<ResourceLink name="jdbc/quickstart" type="javax.sql.DataSource" global="jdbc/quickstart"/>

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<Server>
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.ServerLifecycleListener"/>
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener"/>
  <GlobalNamingResources>
    <Environment name="simpleValue" type="java.lang.Integer" value="30"/>
    <Resource auth="Container" description="User database that can be updated and saved" name="UserDatabase" type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"/>
    <Resource name="jdbc/mysql" type="javax.sql.DataSource"/>
    <ResourceParams name="UserDatabase">
      <parameter>
        <name>factory</name>
        <value>org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory</value>
      </parameter>
      <parameter>
        <name>pathname</name>
        <value>conf/tomcat-users.xml</value>
      </parameter>
    </ResourceParams>
    <ResourceParams name="jdbc/mysql">
      <parameter>
        <name>maxWait</name>
        <value>5000</value>
      </parameter>
      <parameter>
        <name>maxActive</name>
        <value>4</value>
      </parameter>
      <parameter>
        <name>password</name>
        <value>gamedb</value>
      </parameter>
      <parameter>
        <name>url</name>
        <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/gamedb?autoReconnect=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=GB2312</value>
      </parameter>
      <parameter>
        <name>driverClassName</name>
        <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
      </parameter>
      <parameter>
        <name>maxIdle</name>
        <value>2</value>
      </parameter>
      <parameter>
        <name>username</name>
        <value>gamedb</value>
      </parameter>
	  <parameter>
	    <name>factory</name>
	    <value>org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSourceFactory</value>
	  </parameter>
    </ResourceParams>
  </GlobalNamingResources>
  <Service name="Catalina">
    <Connector acceptCount="100" connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" port="8080" redirectPort="8443" maxSpareThreads="75" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25">
    </Connector>
    <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" protocolHandlerClassName="org.apache.jk.server.JkCoyoteHandler" redirectPort="8443">
    </Connector>
    <Engine defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina">
      <Host appBase="webapps" name="localhost">
        <Logger className="org.apache.catalina.logger.FileLogger" prefix="localhost_log." suffix=".txt" timestamp="true"/>
      </Host>
      <Logger className="org.apache.catalina.logger.FileLogger" prefix="catalina_log." suffix=".txt" timestamp="true"/>
      <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"/>
    </Engine>
  </Service>
</Server>

• Q:如何配制DBCP只应用于指定的web application呢？

A：tomcat 5.x以后将web application的从server.xml里分离了出来，放在了 %TOMCAT_HOME%\conf\Catalina\localhost下，如你的应用为test, 那么在这个目录下就会有一个相应的test.xml与之对应，如：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<Context displayName="Tomcat Test Application" 
  docBase="C:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Tomcat 5.5/server/webapps/test" path="/test" privileged="true" workDir="work\Catalina\localhost\test">
  ...
</Context>

• Q:我如何解决中乱码问题？

A：在配制mysql的数据库url时我们加入了useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=GB2312参数，指定数据库编码方式为GB2312，其它还需要做的就是常用的一些方式，如指定 <%@ page contentType = "text/html; charset=gb2312" %>、使用filter等，这方面的资料很多，这里不再累述。

这里需要注意的是url中的“&“符号，如果手动在.xml内配制时，需将其转换为“&”

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