了解了IOC模式的思想以及其优点,再来学习其实现。上篇blog中大致描述了PicoContainer以及Spring各自对IOC的实现,这篇来详细看一下Spring中它的实现。 
Spring中IOC贯穿了其整个框架,但正如martinflower所说:“saying that these lightweight containers are special because they use inversion of control is like saying my car is special because it has wheels”,IOC已经称为框架设计中必不可少的部分。就实现上来讲Spring采取了配置文件的形式来实现依赖的注射,并且支持Type2 IOC(Setter Injection)以及Type3 IOC(Constructor Injection)。 
Spring中IOC的实现的核心是其Core Bean Factory,它将框架内部的组件以一定的耦合度组装起来,并对使用它的应用提供一种面向服务的编程模式(SOP:Service-Orient Programming),比如Spring中的AOP、以及持久化(Hibernate、ibatics)的实现。     首先从最底层最基础的factory Bean开始,先来看org.springframework.beans.factory.Bean 
Factory接口,它是一个非常简单的接口,getBean方法是其中最重要的方法,Spring通常是使用xml来populate Bean,所以比较常用的是XMLFactoryBean。 
用一个简单的示例看一下其用法。首先写下两个Bean类: 
ExampleBean 类: 
public class ExampleBean { 
       private String psnName=null; 
       private RefBean refbean=null; 
       private String addinfo=null; 
  
       public String getAddinfo() { 
              return getRefbean().getAddress()+getRefbean().getZipcode(); 
       } 
       public String getPsnName() { 
              return psnName; 
       } 
       public void setPsnName(String psnName) { 
              this.psnName = psnName; 
       } 
       public void setRefbean(RefBean refbean) { 
              this.refbean = refbean; 
       } 
       public RefBean getRefbean() { 
              return refbean; 
       } 
       public void setAddinfo(String addinfo) { 
              this.addinfo = addinfo; 
       } 
} 
  
RefBean类: 
public class RefBean { 
       public String getAddress() { 
              return address; 
       } 
       public void setAddress(String address) { 
              this.address = address; 
       } 
       public String getZipcode() { 
              return zipcode; 
       } 
       public void setZipcode(String zipcode) { 
              this.zipcode = zipcode; 
       } 
       private String zipcode=null; 
       private String address=null; 
} 
其xml配置文件 Bean.xml  
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" 
"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"> 
<beans> 
  <bean id="exampleBean" class="test.ExampleBean"> 
    <property name="psnName"><value>xkf</value></property> 
    <property name="refbean"> 
       <ref bean="refBean"/> 
    </property> 
  </bean> 
  <bean id="refBean" class="test.RefBean"> 
  <property name="address"><value>BeiJing</value></property> 
  <property name="zipcode"><value>100085</value></property> 
  </bean> 
</beans> 
  
然后可以写个测试类来测试,当然,需要Spring中的Spring-core.jar以及commons-logging.jar,当然在elipse中可以通过安装spring-ide插件来轻松实现。 
public class Test { 
       public static void main(String[] args){ 
              try{ 
              Resource input = new ClassPathResource("test/Bean.xml"); 
              System.out.println("resource is:"+input); 
              BeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(input); 
              ExampleBean eb = 
              (ExampleBean)factory.getBean("exampleBean"); 
              System.out.println(eb.getPsnName()); 
              System.out.println(eb.getAddinfo()); 
       } 
       catch(Exception e){ 
              e.printStackTrace(); 
       } 
} 这样,通过BeanFactory的getBean方法,以及xml配置文件,避免了在test类中直接实例化ExampleBean,消除了应用程序(Test)与服务(ExampleBean)之间的耦合,实现了IOC(控制反转)或者说实现了依赖的注射(Dependency Injection)。 
 
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