在编写servlet时,遇到如下情况:            <web-app>   <!-- Servlet -->  <servlet>   <servlet-name>servlet</servlet-name>   <servlet-class>com.logon.src.logon</servlet-class>   <init-param>    <param-name>param</param-name>    <param-value></param-value>   </init-param>  </servlet>   <!-- Mapping -->  <servlet-mapping>   <servlet-name>servlet</servlet-name>   <url-pattern>servlet/logon</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>  </web-app>          如果在<param-value></param-value>中想使用"<"字符,<param-value><</param-value>,这样写的话,在web服务器启动并读入web.xml信息时会发生如下错误:  [INFO] Registry - -Loading registry information [INFO] Registry - -Creating new Registry instance [INFO] Registry - -Creating MBeanServer [INFO] Http11Protocol - -Coyote HTTP/1.1をポート8080で初期化します サービス Tomcat-Standalone を起動します Apache Tomcat/4.1.27 [INFO] PropertyMessageResources - -Initializing, config='org.apache.struts.util.LocalStrings', returnNull=true [INFO] PropertyMessageResources - -Initializing, config='org.apache.struts.action.ActionResources', returnNull=true [INFO] PropertyMessageResources - -Initializing, config='org.apache.webapp.admin.ApplicationResources', returnNull=true [ERROR] Digester - -Parse Fatal Error at line 11 column 18: The content of elements must consist of well-formed character data or markup. org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: The content of elements must consist of well-formed character data or markup.  at org.apache.xerces.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(Unknown Source)  at org.apache.xerces.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.fatalError(Unknown Source)  at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)  at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)  at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLScanner.reportFatalError(Unknown Source)  at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDispatcher.dispatch(Unknown Source)  at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(Unknown Source)  at org.apache.xerces.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)  at org.apache.xerces.parsers.DTDConfiguration.parse(Unknown Source)  at org.apache.xerces.parsers.XMLParser.parse(Unknown Source)  at org.apache.xerces.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)  at org.apache.commons.digester.Digester.parse(Digester.java:1548)  at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.applicationConfig(ContextConfig.java:282)  at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.start(ContextConfig.java:639)  at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:243)  at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:166)  at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:3568)  at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1188)  at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:738)  at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1188)  at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:347)  at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:497)  at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:2190)  at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:512)  at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.execute(Catalina.java:400)  at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.process(Catalina.java:180)  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)  at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:203) 并且在servlet中使用getInitParameter("param")无法取得"<"字符,那有没有办法能在xml中写"<"呢?  其实xml中要写"<",我们可以用html的标记来标识,如下:  <param-value><</param-value>
  之后我们就可以在servlet中通过getInitParameter("param")读出"<"字符了,其它一些xml中的关键字也可以通过html标签读取出来,过程如下:  1.在web.xml中定义     2.在servlet端读取   
  
 
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