发信人: sunzx()
整理人: jeter(2000-02-19 01:58:29), 站内信件
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【 在 2032 (天外飞仙) 的大作中提到: 】
: 首先说明一下那个0是我故意加上去的，反正多一个少一个也是
:毫无意义的，响应最近挺流行的一句话：“不吹大点没人信！”。
: 你这段解释对于那些对物理知识一无所知的人确实是一个很好的
:答案，还能骗得一些人，从你所回答的最后一句可以看出，你是对高
:能电子加速器的结构一无所知，乱发缪论，这类加速器的长度约为五
:十米，其基座都是由特殊加固的混凝土结构而成的，因为撞击的能量
:巨大无比，因而起初建造时，很多科学家都担心其会引起不可预测的
:后果，如时空转移和地球脱离轨道等等。
: 测量温度需要有一个标准，特别是如此高的爆炸温度，现时没有
:任何标准可循，更没有任何温度参考和依据，这个温度超出了所有温
:度测量仪器和测量方法的范围，是一个不可想象的数值，现代物理学
:知识远远未达到此水平，所以没有任何人能够解释这个数值是如何得
:到的，可见，答案只得一个，那就是吹破牛皮！
首先，你的“缪论”的“缪”写错了，应该是“谬”！言字旁的！
看到你的回复，我确实明白了你是一个不懂装懂的可爱的FELLOW！
高能电子加速器的长度并不是象你说的“五十米左右”，长的可以长达几km甚至
更长（直线加速器）。它是使用静电场对电子或其他粒子进行加速的。具体的数
据和原理在高中物理课本第二册中有详细描述（可惜课本不在身边，否则我可以
告诉你是第几页）。
33 TeV的能量看起来似乎很大，可是在宏观上来看，只有0.00000528726个焦耳！
！！如果这些能量就可以“使时空转移和地球脱离轨道等等”的话，那么你吹一
口气就可以把银河系中的星星吹散了，不愧是“天外飞仙”，哈哈！
对于温度问题，jeter同志已经对你解释的非常清楚了，因此我不再赘述，只是指
出你的发言中的一些常识错误而已。
建议你先把CERN的那篇公报（附下）和高中物理课本第二册读懂，再来发言！
--------------------
New State of Matter created at CERN
At a special seminar on 10 February, spokespersons from the experiment
s on CERN* 's Heavy Ion programme presented compelling evidence for th
e existence of a new state of matter in which quarks, instead of being
bound up into more complex particles such as protons and neutrons, ar
e liberated to roam freely.
Theory predicts that this state must have existed at about 10 microsec
onds after the Big Bang, before the formation of matter as we know it
today, but until now it had not been confirmed experimentally. Our und
erstanding of how the universe was created, which was previously unver
ified theory for any point in time before the formation of ordinary at
omic nuclei, about three minutes after the Big Bang, has with these re
sults now been experimentally tested back to a point only a few micros
econds after the Big Bang.
Professor Luciano Maiani, CERN Director General, said "The combined da
ta coming from the seven experiments on CERN's Heavy Ion programme hav
e given a clear picture of a new state of matter. This result verifies
an important prediction of the present theory of fundemental forces b
etween quarks. It is also an important step forward in the understandi
ng of the early evolution of the universe. We now have evidence of a n
ew state of matter where quarks and gluons are not confined. There is
still an entirely new territory to be explored concerning the physical
properties of quark-gluon matter. The challenge now passes to the Rel
ativistic Heavy Ion Collider at the Brookhaven National Laboratory and
later to CERN's Large Hadron Collider."
The aim of CERN's Heavy Ion programme was to collide lead ions so as t
o create immensely high energy densities which would break down the fo
rces which confined quarks inside more complex particles. A very high
energy beam of lead ions (33 TeV) was accelerated in CERN's Super Prot
on Synchrotron (SPS) and crashed into targets inside the seven differe
nt experimental detectors. The collisions created temperatures over 10
0 000 times as hot as the centre of the sun, and energy densities twen
ty times that of ordinary nuclear matter, densities which have never b
efore been reached in laboratory experiments. The collected data from
the experiments gives compelling evidence that a new state of matter h
as been created. This state of matter found in heavy ion collisions at
the SPS features many of the characteristics of the theoretically pre
dicted quark-gluon plasma, the primordial soup in which quarks and glu
ons existed before they clumped together as the universe cooled down.
The lead beam programme started in 1994, after the CERN accelerators h
as been upgraded by a collaboration between CERN and institutes in the
Czech Republic, France, India, Italy, Germany, Sweden and Switzerland
. A new lead ion source was linked to pre-existing, interconnected acc
elerators, at CERN, the Proton Synchrotron (PS) and the SPS. The seven
large experiments involved measured different aspects of lead-lead an
d lead-gold collisions. They were named NA44, NA45, NA49, NA50, NA52,
WA97 / NA57 and WA98. Some of these experiments use multipurpose detec
tors to measure and correlate several of the more abundant observable
phenomena. Others are dedicated experiments to detect rare signatures
with high statistics. This co-ordinated effort using several complemen
ting experiments has proven very successful.
The project is an excellent example of collaboration in physics resear
ch. Scientists from institutes in over twenty countries** have partici
pated in the experiments. The programme has also allowed a productive
partnership to develop between high energy physicists and nuclear phys
icists. More importantly, this step forward has been made possible by
the collaboration between the individual experiments. The picture of q
uark-gluon plasma resembles a jigsaw puzzle, with many pieces provided
by the different experiments. The data from any one experiment is not
enough to give the full picture but the combined results from all exp
eriments agree and fit. Whereas all attempts to explain them using est
ablished particle interactions have failed, many of the observations a
re consistent with the predicted signatures of a quark-gluon plasma.
The results from CERN present strong incentive for the future planned
experiments. While all of the pieces of the puzzle seem to fit with a
quark-gluon plasma explanation, it is essential to study this newly pr
oduced matter at higher and lower temperature in order to fully charac
terize its properties and definitively confirm the quark gluon plasma
interpretation. The focus of heavy ion research now moves to the Relat
ivistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at the Brookhaven National Laborator
y in the United States, which will start experiments this year. In 200
5 CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experimental programme will inclu
de a dedicated heavy ion experiment, ALICE.
!! MORE INFORMATION ON QUARK GLUON MATTER !!
----------------------------------------------------------------------
----------
* CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, has its headqu
arters in Geneva. At present, its Member States are Austria, Belgium,
Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greec
e, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Sp
ain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Israel, Japan, the
Russian Federation, the United States of America, Turkey, the European
Commission and Unesco have observer status.
** Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Sweden, Switzer
land, UK, Armenia, China, Croatia, India, Israel, Japan, Romania, Slov
akia, USA.
--
Programmers of all lands,
UNITE!
--
程序设计狂人！
EMail: [email protected]
Homepahe:http://nstudio.126.com
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